Table 2.

Overview of the literature on the utilization of dashboards in healthcare settings.

Author	Investigator	Title	Source	Summary of Findings
Twohig, P.A. et al. (2019)	[21]	Clinician dashboard views and improvement in preventative health outcome measures: a retrospective analysis	BMC Health Services Research	Clinical dashboard on their own may not be sufficient to impact clinical quality improvement.
Dowding, D. et al. (2015)	[22]	Dashboards for improving patient care: review of the literature	International Journal of Medical Informatics	Implementation of clinical and/or quality dashboards can improve adherence to quality guidelines and may help improve patient outcomes.
Gude, W.T. et al. (2018)	[23]	Health professionals’ perceptions about their clinical performance and the influence of audit and feedback on their intentions to improve practice: a theory-based study in Dutch intensive care units	Implementation Science	Audit and feedback help health professionals to work on aspects for which improvement is recommended.
Murphy, D.R. et al. (2021)	[24]	Dashboards for visual display of patient safety data: a systematic review	BMJ Health Care Informatics	Use of patient safety dashboards has grown over the past 15 years, but impact remains poorly understood. Design and usability evaluation of patient safety dashboards should incorporate informatics and human factors principles.
Wac, M. et al. (2023)	[25]	Design and evaluation of an intensive care unit dashboard built in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: semi-structured interview study	JMIR human factors	Implementation of a dashboard had a positive impact on the workflows, improving efficient patient care and transformed existing processes.
Perry, L.M. et al. (2022)	[26]	Patient-reported outcome dashboards within the electronic health record to support shared decision making: protocol for co-design and clinical evaluation with patients with advanced cancer and chronic kidney disease	JMIR Research Protocols	Enhancing current understanding of how best to integrate patient-reported outcome measures in dashboards to improve outcomes and reduce burden of chronic disease.
Elm, JJ. et al. (2019)	[27]	Feasibility and utility of a clinician dashboard from wearable and mobile application Parkinson’s disease data	NPJ Digital Medicine	Clinicians reported that medications and patient-reported outcomes were generally discernable in the dashboard and complementary to clinical assessments.
Durojaiye, A.B. et al. (2018)	[28]	Radiology resident assessment and feedback dashboard radiographics	Radiographics	Describing the dashboard’s architecture to provide residents real-time feedback in a learning community of radiologists.
Baghdadi, A. et al. (2021)	[29]	A data-driven performance dashboard for surgical dissection	Scientific reports	A surgical performance and monitoring data interactive interface to develop artificial intelligence models.
McCormick, C., S. Ahluwalia, and A. Segon (2023)	[30]	Effect of a performance feedback dashboard on hospitalist laboratory test utilization	American Journal of Medical Quality	Integrating a weekly performance feedback report using a dashboard resulted in a decrease in laboratory test utilization rates.
Ebbers, T. et al. (2023)	[31]	Development and validation of automated electronic health record data reuse for a multidisciplinary quality dashboard	Digital health	The possibility to use routinely collected structured data to reliably measure the quality of care in real time, which could render manual data collection for quality measurement obsolete.
Lechner, C. et al. (2022)	[32]	Developing an online dashboard to visualize performance data—Tennessee newborn screening experience	International Journal Neonatal screening	Performance data of newborn screening process captured in a dashboard at state level, identifying potential issues.
Tsangaris, E. et al. (2022)	[33]	User-centered design and agile development of a novel mobile health application and clinician dashboard to support the collection and reporting of patient-reported outcomes for breast cancer care	BMJ surgical intervention health technology	Utilization of dashboard to collect patient-reported outcomes in breast cancer care and enhance digital transformation.
Mohindra, N.E. et al. (2024)	[34]	Implementing a patient-reported outcome dashboard in oncology telemedicine encounters: clinician and patient adoption and acceptability	JCO oncology practicre	Feasible implementation of a patient-reported outcome-based dashboard in telemedicine.
Alhmoud, B. et al. (2022)	[35]	Evaluating a novel, integrative dashboard for health professionals’ performance in managing deteriorating patients: a quality improvement project	BMJ open quality	Dashboard demonstrated to be an effective real-time data-driven tool for improving the quality of managing deteriorating patients.