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Inflammatory mechanisms induced by snake venom PLA2s (green color boxes) isolated from various snake species. TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IL, interleukin; NLRP3, nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich–containing family, pyrin domain–containing-3; H2O2 hydrogen peroxide; LTB4 leukotriene B4; NETosis, neutrophil extracellular traps; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase.
