Table 3.

Mediating effects of perceived social support and health literacy on the association between SES and vaccine hesitancy.

Paths	Estimate	SE	95% CI
Annual household income (reference: > CNY 200,000)
≤100,000
Indirect effect
≤100,000 → Perceived social support → Vaccine hesitancy	0.752	0.169	0.456, 1.123
≤100,000 → Health literacy → Vaccine hesitancy	0.383	0.120	0.181, 0.658
≤100,000 → Perceived social support → Health literacy → Vaccine hesitancy	0.115	0.033	0.062, 0.195
Direct effect	−0.834	0.658	−2.115, 0.463
Total effect	0.416	0.678	−0.910, 1.748
100,001 − 150,000
Indirect effect
100,001 − 150,000 → Perceived social support → Vaccine hesitancy	0.458	0.124	0.237, 0.725
100,001 − 150,000→ Health literacy → Vaccine hesitancy	0.231	0.088	0.083, 0.435
100,001 − 150,000 → Perceived social support → Health literacy → Vaccine hesitancy	0.070	0.023	0.034, 0.126
Direct effect	0.489	0.565	−0.638, 1.597
Total effect	1.249	0.580	0.111, 2.389
150,001 − 200,000
Indirect effect
150,001 − 200,000 → Perceived social support → Vaccine hesitancy	0.181	0.105	−0.024, 0.387
150,001 − 200,000 → Health literacy → Vaccine hesitancy	−0.016	0.072	−0.165, 0.127
150,001 − 200,000 → Perceived social support → Health literacy → Vaccine hesitancy	0.028	0.017	−0.001, 0.066
Direct effect	−0.432	0.523	−1.512, 0.585
Total effect	−0.240	0.553	−1.349, 0.815
Subjective SES
Indirect effect
Subjective SES → Perceived social support → Vaccine hesitancy	−0.105	0.040	−0.191, −0.036
Subjective SES → Health literacy → Vaccine hesitancy	−0.119	0.031	−0.188, −0.067
Subjective SES → Perceived social support → Health literacy → Vaccine hesitancy	−0.016	0.007	−0.033, −0.006
Direct effect	−1.356	0.750	−2.871, 0.056
Total effect	−1.596	0.756	−3.115, −0.150

SES: socioeconomic status; CNY: Chinese yuan; SE: standard error; CI: confidence interval.