Table 2.

Summary of clinical studies on immunotherapy for CRC from January 1, 2023, to August 11, 2024, as indexed on PubMed.

No.	Drug name	Target	Immunotherapy type	ClinicalTrials.gov identifier	CRC type	References
1	ELI-002 2P	G12D and G12R mutant KRAS	Cancer vaccine	NCT04853017	CRC	Pant et al. [131]
2	Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab	PD-1	Monoclonal antibody	NCT03026140	dMMR CRC	Chalabi et al. [132]
3	Bevacizumab	anti-VEGF-A	Monoclonal antibody	NCT03950154	mCRC	Pan et al. [133]
4	Divarasib plus Cetuximab	KRAS G12C	Monoclonal antibody	NCT04449874	KRAS G12C	Desai et al. [129]
5	Oleclumab	CD73	Monoclonal antibody	NCT02503774	Advanced CRC	Bendell et al. [134]
6	Nivolumab and Metformin	PD-1	Monoclonal antibody	NCT03800602	MSS CRC	Akce et al. [135]
7	PexaVec	/	Oncolytic viruses	NCT03206073	pMMR CRC	Monge et al. [136]
8	Camrelizumab	PD-1	Monoclonal antibody	/	pMMR CRC	Li et al. [137]
9	Personalized neoantigen vaccine	/	Cancer vaccine	/	MSS CRC	Yu et al. [138]
10	T-VEC	/	Oncolytic viruses	/	CRC with liver metastases	Hecht et al. [139]
11	Nivolumab	PD-1	Monoclonal antibody	NCT03414983	mCRC	Lenz et al. [140]
12	Pixatimod	TLR9		NCT05061017	MSS CRC	Lemech et al. [141]
13	NIS793	TGF-β	Monoclonal antibody	NCT02947165	MSS CRC	Bauer et al. [142]
14	MUC1Peptide Vaccine	MUC1		/	Colorectal Adenoma	Schoen et al. [143]
15	Durvalumab and Tremelimumab	PD-L1 CTLA-4	Monoclonal antibody	/	mCRC	Loree et al. [144]
16	Durvalumab	PD-L1	Monoclonal antibody	NCT04083365	Advanced CRC	Grassi et al. [145]
17	Monalizumab plus Durvalumab	NKG2A/CD94 and PD-L1	Monoclonal antibody	NCT02671435	MSS CRC	Patel et al. [146]
18	PD-1 blockade plus COX inhibitors	COX and PD-1	Monoclonal antibody	NCT03638297	dMMR mCRC	Wu et al. [147]
19	Enadenotucirev	/	Adenoviral vector	NCT02636036	MSI-low/MSS CRC	Fakih et al. [148]
20	Urelumab	CD137 agonist	Monoclonal antibody	NCT02110082; NCT02253992	mCRC	Khushalani et al. [149]
21	VB-111	Tumor microenvironment	Adenoviral vector	NCT04166383	MSS CRC with liver metastases	Coffman-D'Annibale et al. [150]
22	hTERT	/	Vaccination	/	CRC	Zareian et al. [151]
23	Cibisatamab	CD3 and CEA	Bispecific antibody	NCT02324257 NCT02650713	MSS CRC	Segal et al. [152]
24	TERTiNTs	4-1BB	Cell therapy	/	CRC	Choi et al. [153]
25	NEO-201	CEACAM-5/6	Monoclonal antibody	NCT03476681	CRC	Cole et al. [154]
26	Sapanisertib	mTORC1/2	Monoclonal antibody	/	CRC	Coleman et al. [155]