. 2024 Dec 31;8:e54438. doi: 10.2196/54438

Table 4.

Regression coefficients, 95% CI, and P values of the linear mixed effect models estimating root-mean-square of successive differences between normal heartbeats (RMSSD), high frequency (HF), self-reported craving, and self-reported anxiety during alcohol recovery. Time was treated as a categorical variable. The corresponding outcome measures during the positive baseline were modeled as covariates. Each participant was modeled with a random intercept to account for the individual differences in baseline heart rate variability metrics, responses to alcohol cues, and responses to intervention. The outcome measures during the last block of alcohol exposure were used as the reference level. The P values indicated that the corresponding term significantly affected the outcome measures.

Variables		RMSSD	HF	Self-reported craving	Self-reported anxiety
Random intercept
	β coefficient	8.00	18.22	5.85	4.35
	95% CI	3.15 to 12.83	6.48 to 29.95	4.13 to 7.58	1.58 to 7.12
	P value	.001^a	.003^a	<.001^b	.002^a
Positive baseline (covariate)
	β coefficient	0.92	0.92	0.46	0.61
	95% CI	0.85 to 0.99	0.83 to 1.01	0.14 to 0.77	0.40 to 0.82
	P value	<.001^b	<.001^b	.005^a	<.001^b
Interaction between intervention and time (Block 1)
	β coefficient	12.02	29.05	1.89	0.31
	95% CI	3.68 to 20.36	7.03 to 51.07	0.23 to 3.54	−2.11 to 2.73
	P value	.005^a	.01^c	.03^c	.80
Interaction between intervention and time (Block 2)
	β coefficient	10.70	29.74	2.85	0.92
	95% CI	2.36 to 19.03	7.72 to 51.76	1.19 to 4.50	−1.50 to 3.34
	P value	.01^c	.009^a	<.001^b	.45
Interaction between intervention and time (Block 3)
	β coefficient	−0.05	2.57	2.46	1.39
	95% CI	−8.39 to 8.29	−19.45 to 24.59	0.81 to 4.12	−1.04 to 3.80
	P value	.99	.82	.004^a	.26

^aSignificance level P<.01.

^bSignificance level P<.001.

^cSignificance level P<.05.