Table 2.
Adjusted Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis of Factors Associated with Electronic Health Literacy (EHL) in U.S. Adults with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) from 2011 to 2018.
| Factors | Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR, 95 % CI) | P-value (P) |
|---|---|---|
| Age | 0.95 (0.95–0.95) | <0.0001 |
| Female Sex (Ref1: Male) | 1.26 (1.16−1.37) | <0.0001 |
| Race/Ethnicity (Ref: White) | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 0.63 (0.56–0.71) | <0.0001 |
| Non-Hispanic Other Race | 0.69 (0.58–0.83) | <0.0001 |
| Hispanic | 0.74 (0.63–0.87) | 0.0002 |
| Educational Attainment (Ref: College Graduate or Higher) | ||
| Less than High School | 0.15 (0.13–0.17) | <0.0001 |
| High School Graduate and/or Some college | 0.41 (0.38–0.45) | <0.0001 |
| Marital Status (Ref: married) | ||
| Widowed or divorced | 0.80 (0.73–0.88) | <0.0001 |
| Single, Never Married | 0.76 (0.66–0.87) | 0.0002 |
| Income to Federal Poverty Limit Ratio (Ref: >200 %) | ||
| <100 % | 0.41 (0.36–0.47) | <0.0001 |
| 100–200 % | 0.54 (0.48–0.60) | <0.0001 |
| English Proficiency (Ref: Proficient) | ||
| Limited Proficiency | 0.29 (0.22–0.38) | <0.0001 |
| Comorbidities | ||
| CVD | 0.95 (0.87–1.04) | 0.2651 |
| Hypertension | 1.15 (1.04–1.27) | 0.007 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or Asthma | 1.21 (1.1–1.33) | 0.0002 |
| Cancer | 1.28 (1.14–1.43) | <0.0001 |
| Arthritis | 1.27 (1.17–1.38) | <0.0001 |
| Year of Survey Administration, per 1-year increment | 1.15 (1.12–1.18) | <0.0001 |
1Reference groups (Ref) for categorical variables are indicated.