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. 2025 Jan 3;15:1528096. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1528096

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Copyright © 2025 Böcker, Schmitz, Mittag, Jordan and Rittweger.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Chart of the individual percent change (pc _i) by measurement sites with (A) CSA at MUSCLE_38, (B) CSA at MUSCLE_66, (C) BMC at TIBIA_04, (D) BMC at TIBIA_38, (E) BMC at TIBIA_66, and (F) BMC at TIBIA_98, where the numbers indicate the relative measurement position regarding the entire tibia length from distal to proximal. The color indicates the bed rest duration and the shape represents the study. Each chart is separated by the studies that performed measurements at the measurement site. Mean of the pc as dashed line, upper and lower limit of the 95%-confidence interval based on measurement uncertainty U _Meas as solid lines. Most pc _i exceed the confidence interval, indicating significant between-subject variation.