. 2025 Jan 17;24:57. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-02684-y

Table 3.

Verifying differences between dependent variables in experimental and control groups (N = 34)

Variable	Group	Pretest	Posttest	categories	F or t^* or z^†	p
Variable	Group	Mean ± SD Mean ± SD		categories	F or t^* or z^†	p
Knowledge	Exp.(n = 17)	11.82 ± 1.47	17.18 ± 1.24	time	158.67	< 0.001
	Con.(n = 17)	11.35 ± 1.11	15.20 ± 1.67	group	16.24	< 0.001
	Con.(n = 17)	11.35 ± 1.11	15.20 ± 1.67	time×group	4.4	0.044
Self- Confidence	Exp.(n = 17)	56.94 ± 6.56	91.00 ± 7.85	time	288.42	< 0.001
	Con.(n = 17)	55.41 ± 11.05	81.88 ± 5.15	group	6.62	0.015
	Con.(n = 17)	55.41 ± 11.05	81.88 ± 5.15	time×group	4.53	0.041
Clinical Performance	Exp. (n = 17)	69.18 ± 2.88	91.06 ± 6.14	time	199.88	< 0.001
	Con.(n = 17)	68.94 ± 6.17	85.24 ± 4.91	group	8.76	0.006
	Con.(n = 17)	68.94 ± 6.17	85.24 ± 4.91	time×group	4.28	0.047
ACLS Performance	Exp. (n = 17)		41.59 ± 2.45		-4.89^*	< 0.001
ACLS Performance	Con. (n = 17)		35.47 ± 4.54		-4.89^*	< 0.001
learning Satisfaction	Exp.(n = 17)		95.65 ± 6.60		129.50^†	0.584
learning Satisfaction	Con. (n = 17)		96.59 ± 5.62		129.50^†	0.584

^*t-test, ^†Mann-whitney U test