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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Thorac Surg. 2024 Sep 7;119(2):451–459. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2024.08.004

Table 2.

Intraoperative and postoperative patient outcomes.

Late ICU Arrival (n = 972) Ealy ICU Time Arrival (n = 10,666) P value
Atrial Ablation 36 (3.7%) 291 (2.7%) 0.08
Off-pump Approach 27 (2.8%) 611 (5.7%) <0.001
Cardiopulmonary bypass time (minutes) 96 [78, 119] 93 [73, 116] <0.001
Cross Clamp time (minutes) 74 [58, 91] 70 [53, 88] <0.001
Total Time in Operating Room (hours) 5.4 [4.8, 6.2] 5.2 [4.5, 6.0] <0.001
Intraoperative Cryoprecipitate transfusion 80 (8.2%) 232 (2.2%) <0.001
Intraoperative Fresh Frozen Plasma Transfusion 58 (6.0%) 243 (2.3%) <0.001
Postoperative Cryoprecipitate Transfusion 54 (5.6%) 325 (3.1%) <0.001
Postoperative Fresh Frozen Plasma Transfusion 50 (5.1%) 345 (3.2%) 0.002
Postoperative Platelet Transfusion 24 (2.5%) 165 (1.6%) 0.03
Postoperative Red Blood Cell Transfusion 220 (22.6%) 1926 (18.1%) <0.001
Extubated in Operating Room 7 (0.7%) 149 (1.4%) 0.08
ECMO Use Intraoperative or Postoperative 6 (0.6%) 22 (0.2%) 0.01
Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) Intraoperative or postoperative 23 (2.4%) 150 (1.4%) 0.02
Intraoperative or Postoperative ECMO and/or IABP Use 26 (2.7%) 164 (1.5%) 0.007
Postoperative Permanent Stroke 12 (1.2%) 94 (0.9%) 0.27
Postoperative Cardiac Arrest 16 (1.7%) 99 (0.9%) 0.03
Reoperation for Bleeding 20 (2.1%) 149 (1.4%) 0.10
Reoperation Any Reason 24 (2.5%) 177 (1.7%) 0.06
Postoperative Renal Failure 22 (2.3%) 177 (1.7%) 0.16
Postoperative Dialysis 17 (1.8%) 121 (1.1%) 0.09
Postoperative Pneumonia 21 (2.2%) 182 (1.7%) 0.30
Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation 221 (22.7%) 2509 (23.5%) 0.58
Prolonged Ventilation 75 (7.7%) 448 (4.2%) <0.001
Total Ventilator Hours 5 [4, 9] 4 [3, 6] <0.001
Initial ICU Hours 45 [23, 85] 48 [26, 76] 0.006
Reintubation 22 (2.3%) 173 (1.6%) 0.14
Failure to Rescue (FTR) (n=815) 11 (11.0%%) 74 (10.4%) 0.84
Length of Stay (days) 6 [5, 8] 5 [4, 7] <0.001
Operative Mortality 19 (2.0%) 116 (1.1%) 0.02
Readmission 83 (8.5%) 817 (7.7%) 0.33