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. 2025 Jan 7;15:1464542. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1464542

Table 2.

Psychosocial factors that influence dietary lapses.

Type 2 diabetes (Obs. = 459) Healthy adults (Obs. = 533)
Estimate SE z p OR 95% CI Estimate SE z p OR 95% CI
Univariate model
Psychological factors
Tension-anxiety −0.14 0.13 −1.08 0.28 0.87 [0.68, 1.11] 0.08 0.11 0.71 0.48 1.08 [0.87, 1.35]
Depression −0.22 0.15 −1.47 0.14 0.81 [0.60, 1.08] 0.07 0.12 0.60 0.55 1.08 [0.84, 1.37]
Anger-hostility −0.17 0.12 −1.34 0.18 0.85 [0.66, 1.08] 0.19 0.11 1.67 0.09 1.20 [0.97, 1.50]
Vigor 0.46 0.12 3.74 0.00 1.58 [1.24, 2.02] 0.11 0.11 0.97 0.33 1.11 [0.90, 1.38]
Fatigue 0.49 0.11 4.57 0.00 1.63 [1.32, 2.01] 0.21 0.08 2.51 0.01 1.23 [1.05, 1.45]
Confusion 0.09 0.14 0.62 0.54 1.09 [0.83, 1.43] 0.11 0.14 0.84 0.40 1.12 [0.86, 1.46]
Hunger −0.03 0.08 −0.34 0.73 0.97 [0.83, 1.14] −0.14 0.07 −1.89 0.06 0.86 [0.75, 1.00]
Cravings 0.34 0.09 3.88 0.00 1.34 [1.18, 1.66] 0.05 0.08 0.64 0.52 1.05 [0.90, 1.24]
Social factors
Dinner 0.18 0.17 1.06 0.29 1.20 [0.86, 1.66] 0.74 0.23 3.22 0.00 2.10 [1.34, 3.29]
Eating out 1.32 0.56 2.37 0.02 3.74 [1.26, 11.11] 0.72 0.35 2.09 0.04 2.06 [1.04, 4.06]
Social situation −0.44 0.38 −1.17 0.24 0.64 [0.31, 1.35] 1.18 0.42 2.82 0.00 3.25 [1.43, 7.37]
Multivariate model
Psychological factors
Vigor 0.48 0.13 3.75 0.00 1.62 [1.26, 2.09]
Fatigue 0.52 0.12 4.46 0.00 1.68 [1.34, 2.11] 0.16 0.09 1.85 0.06 1.18 [0.99, 1.40]
Cravings 0.23 0.09 2.52 0.01 1.26 [1.05, 1.52]
Social factors
Dinner 0.70 0.24 2.92 0.00 1.26 [1.26, 3.23]
Eating out 1.58 0.61 2.61 0.01 4.86 [1.48, 15.91] 0.33 0.39 0.83 0.41 1.38 [0.64, 2.98]
Social situation 1.13 0.47 2.40 0.02 3.10 [1.26, 3.30]

Obs., observations.