Table 3.
Studies reporting factors associated with risk of sarcopenia in Iran.
| Study | Location | Period | Participants | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bagheri (2021) (12) | Tehran | 2011 | Total (n): 300 Mean age (years): 66.8 Men/women (n): 150/150 |
Adherence to the anti-inflammatory nutrient pattern characterized by high consumption of polyunsaturated fat, monounsaturated fat, copper, vitamin E, omega-3, magnesium, iron, pyridoxine (vitamin B6), sodium, and caffeine may reduce the odds of sarcopenia. |
| Bagheri, 2021 (13) | Consuming a diet with a higher Food-based Inflammatory Potential score, indicating a more pro-inflammatory diet, is positively associated with sarcopenia. | |||
| Hashemi (2016) (14) | Older age, male gender, and smoking are independently connected with sarcopenia. | |||
| Heshmat (2018) (15) | Bushehr | 2013–2014 | Total (n): 2,426 Mean age (years): 69.3 Men/women (n): 1,166/1,260 |
Sarcopenia is more prevalent among individuals with lower socioeconomic status. |
| Larijani, 2018 (16) | Sarcopenia is strongly inversely associated with the level of minerals, such as calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and vitamins A, E, C, biotin, B2, B3, and B6. Also, subjects with higher tertiles of daily protein intake, carbohydrates, and total calories exhibited a significantly decreased risk of sarcopenia. | |||
| Shafiee (2018) (23) | Older adult individuals with diabetes have a significantly higher risk of sarcopenia than those without. | |||
| Shafiee (2020) (8) | Low educational level, older age, high body fat, and lack of physical activity are linked to a greater sarcopenia risk. | |||
| Dorosty (2016) (7) | Tehran | 2014–2015 | Total (n): 644 Mean age (years): 70.8 Men/women (n): 310/334 |
The chance of sarcopenia is inversely associated with socioeconomic status. |
| Mahmoodi (2024) (19) | Shiraz | 2017–2018 | Total (n): 160 Mean age (years): 69.0 Men/women (n): 88/72 |
There is a negative association between the healthy beverage index and the odds of sarcopenia. |
| Nasimi (2019) (21) | Total (n): 501 Mean age (years): 70.3 Men/women (n): 254/247 |
The risk of sarcopenia increases with older age, male gender, decreased Mini-Nutritional Assessment score, lower serum albumin level, and higher fat mass. | ||
| Mohseni (2017) (20) | Tehran | 2015 | Total (n): 250 Mean age (years): 57.5 Men/women (n): 0/250 |
The Mediterranean diet pattern, including high consumption of olive oil, low-fat dairy, vegetables, fish, nuts, and vegetable oil, plays a beneficial role in preventing sarcopenia. |