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. 2025 Jan 6;15(1):e076397. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076397

Table 4. Prevalence of diabetes markers in subjects with elevated thyroid autoantibodies.

Anti-TPO+ Anti-TPO− P value Anti-Tg+ Anti-Tg− P value
HOMA-IR positive 45.5% (1869/4104) 37.5% (11 015/29 387) <0.0001 41.1% (1747/4255) 37% (8285/22 364) <0.0001
High HbA1C 16.3% (990/6076) 15.4% (6502/42 088) 0.0930 14% (872/6210) 14.7% (4701/32 057) 0.2100
Low ADIP 2.2% (94/4184) 3.1% (918/29 592) 0.0028 1.7% (74/4391) 3% (671/22 699) <0.0001
High glucose 22.1% (1001/4525) 22% (7097/32 218) 0.9022 19.8% (908/4595) 21.5% (5186/24 139) 0.0093
Low glucose 1.7% (75/4525) 1.8% (567/32 218) 0.6659 1.8% (84/4595) 1.9% (463/24 139) 0.7262
Low glymark 10.3% (314/3058) 10.1% (2250/22 345) 0.7564 8.6% (259/2998) 10.1% (1509/14 881) 0.0132
GSP 10.7% (438/4104) 10.7% (3159/29 601) 1.0000 11.3% (476/4215) 11.4% (2540/22 266) 0.8507
High insulin 14.1% (266/1888) 11.5% (4490/39 169) 0.0006 11.2% (588/5238) 11.1% (2990/26 991) 0.7735
Low insulin 2.9% (144/5005) 2.8% (986/34 815) 0.8936 2.8% (149/5238) 2.8% (764/26 991) 0.9916

ADIPAdiponectinGSPGlycated serum proteinHbA1cGlycated hemoglobinHOMA-IRhomeostatic model assessment-insulin resistanceTgThyroglobulinTPOThyroid peroxidase