Figure 2. Signal to Noise Variations.

The figure displays a theoretical time-series plot of neural signals under three different noise conditions: low noise (top), moderate noise (middle), and high noise (bottom). In the low noise condition, three distinct signal spikes (red boxes) are easily discernible from the background noise. In contrast, the moderate noise condition shows increased variability and more frequent fluctuations, making it harder to distinguish signal from noise. In the high noise condition, the signal is highly erratic, masking any detectible signal spikes.