Table 1.

Interpretive Definitions of Key Terms Related to Sensorimotor Control

Term	Definition	Supporting Literature
Noise	Irrelevant or extraneous signals that interfere with the accurate detection of sensory inputs (i.e. proprioception, somatosensation), making it difficult for the nervous system to distinguish salient or useful information from inconsequential information during movement and sensation.	Faisal et al., 2008 26 Wolpert et al., 2011 27
Sensorimotor Uncertainty	A state where variability in sensory inputs and motor outputs reduces the precision of movement control.	Orbán & Wolpert., 2011 28
Sensory Predictions	Anticipations of the immediate sensory outcomes of motor commands, generated by internal models, to guide motor behavior and enable realtime error correction.	Shadmehr et al., 2010 29
Internal Model	Neural mechanisms that simulate movement outcomes or generate motor commands, supporting adaptive motor control and error correction.	Wolpert et al., 1995 30 Kawato, 1999 31
Sensory Expectations	Broader anticipations, built from previous experiences, that help the nervous system predict and process sensory feedback throughout movement.	Shadmehr et al., 2010 29 de Lange., 2018 32

Note: The definitions provided here are interpretive summaries based on the supporting literature and are not exact quotations.