Table 5.

Effect size of DOBS on Sarcopenia in prespecified and exploratory subgroups

Characteristic	Number of Participants (%)	Effect Size (95% CI)	P-value	P for interaction
Age				0.77
< 39	3,120 (38%)	0.971(0.950, 0.993)	0.017
≥ 39	5,120 (62%)	0.975(0.959, 0.992)	0.022
Gender				0.62
Male	3,959 (48%)	0.976 (0.958, 0.995)	0.013
Female	4,281 (52%)	0.969 (0.951, 0.989)	0.009
Diabetes				0.30
Yes	622 (7.5%)	0.986 (0.951, 1.023)	0.281
No	7,222 (87.6%)	0.972 (0.958, 0.987)	0.015
Borderline	396 (4.8%)	0.924(0.856, 0.997)	0.034
Hypertension				0.93
Yes	1,946 (23.6%)	0.972 (0.949, 0.996)	0.021
No	6,294 (76.4%)	0.973 (0.958, 0.989)	0.018
Cardiovascular diseases				0.79
Yes	82 (1%)	0.987(0.882, 1.104)	0.736
No	8,158 (99%)	0.972(0.959, 0.986)	0.012
Self-reported cancer				0.53
Yes	331 (4%)	0.992(0.931, 1.058)	0.668
No	7,909 (96%)	0.972(0.958, 0.985)	0.010
Nutrient supplement use				0.15
Yes	2,574 (31.2%)	0.958 (0.935, 0.983)	0.001
No	5,666 (68.8%)	0.979 (0.963, 0.993)	0.007

Note 1: Above model adjusted for age, gender, BMI, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, education level, PIR, nutrient supplement use, self-reported cancer, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes

Note 2: In each case, the model is not adjusted for the stratification variable

Statistical analysis: stratified linear regression models. Significance level: P < 0.05 (two-tailed). Bold values indicate statistical significance

CI: confidence interval; DOBS: dietary oxidative balance score