Table 4.

PERMANOVA based on the Bray-Curtis distances between wild and captive khulans and wild and domestic horses from Metcalf et al., 2017.

	Df	Sums Of Sqs	F-Model	R 2	p
Sex	1	0.202	1.187	0.0066	0.19
Living condition	2	7.295	21.475	0.228	0.001***
Residuals	136	23.098	-	0.722	-
Total	140	32.012	-	1.0000	-

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Significance codes: ‘***’ 0.001, ‘**’ 0.01, ‘*’ 0.05, ‘.’ 0.1, Df: Degrees of freedom, F-Model: pseudo F-test statistic, R²: Variance explained and corresponding p value based on 999 permutations.