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. 2025 Jan 24;15:3020. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-87525-3

Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients.

Patient’s characteristics Seizure (n = 10) No seizure (n = 10)
Age—years (mean) 46.0 45.0
Female sex—no. (%) 3 (30.0) 7 (70.0)
Number of performed surgery
 1 6 4
 2 2 5
 3 2 1
Tumour grading
 Grade I 4 4
 Grade II 4 5
 Grade III 2 1
IDH-1 (-/+) 2/8 1/9
Location of tumour
 Extratemporal 8 8
 Temporal 2 2
Side of tumour
 Right 5 6
 Left 4 2
 Bilateral 1 1
Seizure semiology
 Focal onset with impaired awareness 2 0
 Generalized seizure 6 0
 Unknown onset 2 0
Seizure frequency
 No in the past 3 month 3 0
 1 or more but less than 1 per month 3 0
 More than 1 per month but no more than 1 per week 3 0
 More than 1 per week but not more than 1 per day every day 1 0
Adjuvant treatment
 Radiotherapy 9 8
 Chemotherapy 3 3
Other neurological symptoms
 Headache 5 7
 Weakness 4 4
 Numbness 0 2
 Cognitive impairment 1 3
 Ataxia 0 2
 Blurred vision 1 1
 Asymptomatic 3 0
AEDs before surgery
 Yes 10 0
 No 0 5
Present with seizure
 Yes 9 0
 No 1 10
Post-surgical seizure
 No 5 10
 At least daily 2 0
 At least weakly 0 0
 At least months 3 0
Tumour volume (cm3) 138.46 127.61
Perilesional oedema
 No 3 0
 Mild 5 6
 Moderate 2 1
 Severe 0 3
Intra-tumoural haemorrhage
 Yes 1 4
 No 9 6
Last follow up (months) 45.5 31.8
MRS score
 0 5 1
 1 1 2
 2 0 3
 3 1 0
 4 2 0
 5 0 4
 6 1 0
Status at last follow
 Alive 9 10
 Dead 1 0