Table 5.
Direct, indirect and total effects in the model, results of hypotheses testing.
| Hypothesized relationship | Standardized direct effects, p value | Standardized indirect effects, standard error (SE), confidence interval (CI) | Standardized total effects, p value | Confirmation of expectation | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1/a | ATT | → | IRFW | 0.468*** | 0.131 (SE = 0.011; CI = 0.110–0.153) | 0.599*** | Supported |
| H1/b | → | FWB | 0.226*** | -0.394 (SE = 0.022; CI = -0.438–0.350) | -0.168*** | Supported | |
| H2/a | SN | → | IRFW | -0.032 (SE = 0.009; CI = -0.050–0.014) | -0.032*** | Not | |
| H2/b | → | FWB | 0.017*** | -0.017 (SE = 0.005; CI = -0.028–0.007) | Not | ||
| H3/a | PBC | → | IRFW | -0.539*** | -0.539*** | Supported | |
| H3/b | → | FWB | -0.824*** | 0.535 (SE = 0.029; CI = 0.479–0.590) | -0.289*** | Not | |
| H4 | IRFW | → | FWB | -0.992*** | -0.992*** | Supported | |
| H5/a | HC | → | IRFW | -0.170*** | 0.139 (SE = 0.011; CI = 0.119–0.164 ) | -0.030 n.s | Not |
| H5/b | → | FWB | -0.556*** | 0.243 (SE = 0.019; CI = 0.205–0.280) | -0.313*** | Supported | |
| H6/a | EC | → | IRFW | -0.215*** | 0.314 (SE = 0.020; CI = 0.274–0.355) | 0.098*** | Supported |
| H6/b | → | FWB | -0.565*** | 0.263 (SE = 0.021; CI = 0.221–0.303) | -0.302*** | Supported | |
| H7/a | PC | → | IRFW | 0.107. (SE = 0.017; CI = 0.075–0.142) | 0.107*** | Supported | |
| H7/b | → | FWB | -0.177*** | 0.009 (SE = 0.007; CI = -0.004–0.142) | -0.168*** | Supported | |
| H8/a | PR | → | IRFW | 0.069*** | 0.225 (SE = 0.017; CI = 0.193–0.260) | 0.295*** | Supported |
| H8/b | → | FWB | -0.232*** | -0.034 (SE = 0.018; CI = -0.069–0.003) | -0.266*** | Supported | |
| H9/a | EM | → | IRFW | -0.119*** | 0.294 (SE = 0.019; CI = 0.258–0.333) | 0.175*** | Supported |
| H9/b | → | FWB | -0.290*** | 0.133 (SE = 0.019; CI = 0.096–0.171) | -0.157*** | Supported | |
| H10/a | CH | → | IRFW | -0.178*** | -0.029 (SE = 0.017; CI = -0.062–0.006) | -0.207*** | Supported |
| H10/b | → | FWB | -0.036*** | 0.214 (SE = 0.019; CI = 0.178.-0.251) | 0.178*** | Supported | |
| H11/a | UE | → | IRFW | -0.196*** | 0.049 (SE = 0.011; CI = 0.028–0.070) | -0.147*** | Supported |
| H11/b | → | FWB | -0.213*** | 0.221 (SE = 0.018; CI = 0.187–0.258) | 0.008 n.s. | Not | |
| H12/a | BO | → | IRFW | -0.181*** | 0.126 (SE = 0.010; CI = 0.106–0.147) | -0.055*** | Supported |
| H12/b | → | FWB | -0.354*** | 0.247 (SE = 0.018; CI = 0.212–0.282) | -0.107*** | Not | |
ATT: attitude SN: subjective norms, PBC: perceived behavioral control, IRFW: intention to reduce food waste, FWB: behavior of food waste, HC: health consciousness, EC: environmental consciousness, PC: price consciousness, PR: planning routines, EM: ecological motives, CH: celebrations and holidays, UE: unplanned events, BO: blaming others for food waste. ***p < 0.001, n.s.: not significant. Model fit: χ2 = 15.018, df = 6, p = 0.020, CMIN/DF = 2.503, GFI = 0.999, TLI = 0.993, CFI = 0.999, NFI = 0.999, RMSEA = 0.030, PClose = 0.955, SRMR = 0.009. Standardized estimates, confidence intervals, p values, model fit indices are the results of SEM AMOS processing.