. 2025 Jan 7;15:1475485. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1475485

Table 1.

Effects of different treatments on agronomic traits, root growth, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) root colonization of tobacco seedlings.

	CK	AMF	SG42	A _SG42	SG29	A _SG29
Plant height (cm)	2.63 ± 0.47^d	3.08 ± 0.64^d	4.31 ± 0.63^c	5.28 ± 0.84^b	6.53 ± 0.83^a	5.36 ± 0.63^b
Steam diameter (mm)	5.55 ± 0.32^d	6.13 ± 0.46^c	7.56 ± 0.34^b	7.72 ± 0.50^b	7.66 ± 0.48^b	8.19 ± 0.45^a
Maximum leaf area (cm²)	90.17 ± 7.47^d	100.75 ± 9.4^c	125.01 ± 12.32^b	129.63 ± 8.81^b	129.43 ± 16.84^b	144.99 ± 15.15^a
SPAD value	29.43 ± 2.29^d	32.96 ± 1.84^c	39.30 ± 2.00^a	35.34 ± 3.42^b	38.57 ± 2.84^a	39.40 ± 1.75^a
Root length (cm)	1068.77 ± 41.11^c	1467.09 ± 85.30^b	1568.31 ± 73.25^b	1556.35 ± 55.99^b	1540.40 ± 47.83^b	1899.22 ± 65.06^a
Root area (cm²)	84.09 ± 5.13^c	108.24 ± 5.94^b	116.86 ± 9.77^b	140.30 ± 9.16^a	118.54 ± 5.33^b	147.61 ± 7.71^a
Root volume (cm³)	0.48 ± 0.06^c	0.63 ± 0.05^b	0.68 ± 0.07^b	1.06 ± 0.03^a	0.66 ± 0.03^b	1.07 ± 0.08^a
Average root diameter (mm)	0.22 ± 0.01^c	0.25 ± 0.01^bc	0.24 ± 0.02^c	0.28 ± 0.02^a	0.24 ± 0.02^c	0.29 ± 0.02^ab
AM root colonization (%)	–	20.13 ± 0.52^b	–	29.21 ± 0.48^a	–	30.83 ± 0.79^a
N content (mg/plant)	1.76 ± 0.26^d	2.44 ± 0.18^c	3.61 ± 0.58^b	4.13 ± 0.36^ab	4.01 ± 0.43^ab	4.62 ± 0.23^a
P content (mg/plant)	4.47 ± 0.66^c	6.46 ± 0.30^b	7.15 ± 0.76^ab	7.75 ± 0.92^a	7.72 ± 0.57^a	8.82 ± 0.91^a
k content (mg/plant)	4.37 ± 0.45^c	5.35 ± 0.37^b	7.69 ± 0.48^a	6.89 ± 0.54^a	7.41 ± 0.25^a	7.71 ± 0.68^a

Treatment codes are explained in Section 2.2. Different letters on the bars indicate significant differences according to Tukey's HSD at P < 0.05.