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. 2025 Jan 22;14(1):e002676. doi: 10.1136/bmjoq-2023-002676

Table 3. Change in estimated out-of-pocket expenses (PhP) from baseline to endline (Y1).

Average estimated outpatient out-of-pocket expense per capita per year
Baseline in Php (95% CI)* Endline in Php (95% CI) Change in % (95% CI)
Urban (N=202) 521 (379, 663) 438 (225, 650) −16.0 (-65,+33)
Rural (N=228) 308 (207, 409) 153 (99, 207) −50.3 (-88, -13)
Remote (N=202) 555 (406, 705) 371 (254, 483) −33.2 (-67,+1)
*

The baseline values slightly differ from the previously published study. Values were recalculated based on the actual average household size in the rural and remote sites and the PhilHealth data on average household size for the urban site. The previously published study used rough estimates of household size.12