Table 1. Baseline clinical and laboratory variables of included patients with SLE (n=166).
| Variables | Values |
| Age, years | 54.0 (11.0) |
| Female | 161 (97.0) |
| Postmenopause | 115/161 (71.4) |
| Smoking history | 4 (2.4) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.65 (3.24) |
| Duration of SLE, years | 16.2 (8.5) |
| SLEDAI-2K score | 3.1 (3.2) |
| C3, mg/dL | 87.8 (20.4) |
| C4, mg/dL | 19.68 (9.03) |
| Anti-DNA antibody, IU/mL | 12.657 (25.627) |
| Calcium, mg/dL | 9.11 (0.46) |
| 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, ng/mL | 30.159 (14.572) |
| T-score | |
| Lumbar spine | −2.32 (0.91) |
| ≤−2.5 | 77 (46.4) |
| Total hip | −1.90 (0.78) |
| ≤−2.5 | 28/160 (17.5) |
| Femur neck | −2.34 (0.71) |
| ≤−2.5 | 41/104 (39.4) |
| Areal BMD, g/cm2 | |
| Lumbar spine | 0.7998 (0.0973) |
| Total hip | 0.7192 (0.0880) |
| Femur neck | 0.6079 (0.0730) |
| Cumulative GC, mg | 19 159.28 (17 349.58) |
| Duration of GC treatment, months | 197.6 (99.2) |
| ≤6 months | 4/161 (2.5) |
| Concurrent GC, mg | 1480.56 (1475.81) |
| Hydroxychloroquine use | 99 (59.6) |
| Prior osteoporosis treatment | |
| None | 121 (72.9) |
| Bisphosphonates | 32 (19.3) |
| SERMs | 13 (7.8) |
| Bone turnover markers | |
| CTx, ng/mL | 0.38939 (0.23692) |
| P1NP, ng/mL | 48.70 (35.04) |
Data are shown as mean (standard deviationSD) or n (%).
BMDbone mineral densityBMIbody mass indexCTxC-telopeptide of collagen type 1GCglucocorticoidP1NPprocollagen 1 N-terminal propeptideSERMselective oestrogen receptor modulatorSLEDAI-2KSLE Disease Activity Index 2000