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. 2025 Jan 21;20(1):6. doi: 10.5334/gh.1390

Table 2.

Baseline characteristics.


INTERVENTION (N = 51) CONTROL (N = 49) p-VALUE

Gender, n (%) 0.0111

Male 9 (17.6%) 20 (40.8%)

Female 42 (82.4%) 29 (59.2%)

Diabetes, n (%) 0.7281

No 37 (72.5%) 34 (69.4%)

Yes 14 (27.5%) 15 (30.6%)

Physical activities, n (%) 0.4271

No 23 (45.1%) 24 (49.0%)

Yes—irregular 16 (31.4%) 10 (20.4%)

Yes—regular 12 (23.5%) 15 (30.6%)

Marital status, n (%) 0.1932

Single 10 (19.6%) 11 (22.4%)

Married 28 (54.9%) 18 (36.7%)

Living together 6 (11.8%) 4 (8.2%)

Divorced 4 (7.8%) 10 (20.4%)

Widow 3 (5.9%) 6 (12.2%)

Smoking, n (%) 0.7941

Never 39 (76.5%) 35 (71.4%)

Former 6 (11.8%) 8 (16.3%)

Current 6 (11.8%) 6 (12.2%)

Religion, n (%) 0.8852

Protestant 22 (43.1%) 21 (42.9%)

Catholic 20 (39.2%) 22 (44.9%)

Spiritist 2 (3.9%) 1 (2.0%)

Others 7 (13.7%) 5 (10.2%)

Alcohol intake, n (%) 0.2991

No 36 (70.6%) 39 (79.6%)

Yes 15 (29.4%) 10 (20.4%)

Age 0.2043

Mean (SD) 55.8 (10.6) 58.8 (12.3)

BMI 0.0433

Mean (SD) 32.0 (5.9) 29.7 (5.4)

Office SBP 0.4703

Mean (SD) 130.1 (15.3) 127.9 (15.1)

Office DBP 0.4183

Mean (SD) 79.6 (10.9) 77.9 (8.8)

Central SBP 0.2203

Mean (SD) 117.5 (12.9) 114.4 (12.6)

Central DBP 0.9603

Mean (SD) 81.8 (10.6) 81.9 (9.5)

HBPM SBP 0.7653

Mean (SD) 122.5 (10.8) 123.3 (12.6)

HBPM DBP 0.7653

Mean (SD) 80.6 (9.6) 80.1 (7.3)

PWV 0.3023

Mean (SD) 8.0 (1.5) 8.3 (1.7)

FMD 0.7733

Mean (SD) 9.8 (5.1) 10.2 (6.1)

1P-value from Chi-Square test;2P-value from Fisher Exact test;3P-value from unpaired two-samples t-test with equal variance.

BMI—body mass index, SBP—systolic blood pressure, DBP—diastolic blood pressure, HBPM—home blood pressure monitoring, PWV—pulse wave velocity, FMD—flow mediated dilation.