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. 2025 Jan 10;10:e67636. doi: 10.2196/67636

Table 1.

Descriptive participant data (N=15).

Characteristics Values
Self-identified as male, n (%) 9 (60)
Age (y), mean (SD) 64.2 (7.4)
Racial or ethnic group, n (%)a

African Native; American Indian or Alaskan Native; Asian (including Hmong, Chinese, Asian Indian, Vietnamese, etc); Black or African American; Hispanic or Latino, Latina, or Latinx; Middle Eastern or North African; or Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 1 (7)

White 13 (87)

Chose not to answer 1 (7)
Duration since T2Db diagnosis (y), mean (SD) 7.5 (3.8)
Usual finger stick frequency at baseline, n (%)

Never or less than once per month 3 (20)

1-3 times per month 3 (20)

1-6 times per week 4 (27)

Once per day 4 (27)

2-4 times per day 1 (7)
Food secure, n (%)c 14 (93)
Baseline HbA1cd (%), mean (SD) 7.5 (0.4)
Baseline time in range (%; time with glucose 70-180 mg/dL), mean (SD) 51 (25)

aRacial and ethnic groups were merged for data presentation to protect participant confidentiality.

bT2D: type 2 diabetes.

cFood security was confirmed if there was a positive answer to either of the following two questions: (1) “Within the past 12 months, I worried whether my food would run out before I had money to buy more.” (2) “Within the past 12 months, the food I bought just didn’t last, and I didn’t have money to get more.”

dHbA1c: hemoglobin A1c.