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. 2024 Oct 14;53(1):69–84. doi: 10.1007/s10802-024-01248-z

Table 2.

Descriptive analysis and paired-samples t-tests of the CBCL for the T1 subgroups and complete sample

Groups CBCL total CBCL internalizing CBCL externalizing
T1 T2 95% T1 T2 95% T1 T2 95%
M (SD) t df p CI d M (SD) t df p CI d M (SD) t df p CI d
Complete Sample 65.02 (9.58) 59.27 (10.87) 7.96 127 .001*** [4.32; 7.18] .70 63.59 (10.38) 58.16 (11.00) 6.40 127 .001*** [3.75; 7.11] .57 61.95 (10.29) 57.27 (10.23) 6.89 127 .001*** [3.43; 6.03] 0.61
Group 1

52.10

(5.65)

48.23 (8.11) 2.94 29 .036* [1.17; 6.65] .54 50.10 (5.45)

48.80

(8.47)

1.11 29  > .999 [-1.44; 4.84] .20 51.50 (7.20) 48.47 (7.62) 2.70 29 .072 [.734; 5.33] 0.50
Group 2 70.79 (4.01) 63.28 (8.32) 6.71 38 .012* [5.25; 9.78] 1.07 65.46 (7.97) 59.36 (9.76) 4.52 38 .012* [3.37; 8.83] .72 69.49 (4.44) 61.36 (8.50) 7.11 38 .012* [5.81; 10.44] 0.71
Group 3 77.94 (4.25) 69.63 (12.05) 3.09 16  > .999 [2.88; 15.74] .77 76.63 (5.20) 66.50 (10.13) 3.15 16  > .999 [3.28; 16.97] .79 74.75 (5.54) 66.81 (11.45) 3.31 16 .156 [2.83; 13.04] 0.82
Group 4 62.41 (3.80) 58.22 (6.85) 3.36 31 .012* [1.65; 6.73] .60 64.31 (4.35) 58.53 (7.11) 4.03 31 .012* [2.86; 8.71] .71 58.09 (6.73) 56.13 (8.06) 1.57 31 .756 [-.583; 4.52] 0.28
Group 5 68.55 (2.66) 64.55 (8.99) 1.44 10  > .999 [-2.21; 10.21] .43 72.73 (4.08) 67.36 (12.68) 1.38 10  > .999 [-3.28; 14.01] .42 56.36 (6.23) 56.18 (6.35) 0.10 10  > .999 [-3.98; 4.34] 0.03

CBCL Child Behavior Checklist. M Mean, SD Standard deviation, CI Confidence Interval, d Effect size Cohen’s d. * p < .05, *** p < .001

Group 1 = Children with normative emotions and behavior; Group 2 = Children with externalizing symptoms; Group 3 = Children with multiple symptoms; Group 4 = Children with anxious-avoidant symptoms; Group 5 = Children with internalizing symptoms