Table 2.
Results of load cell (Newtons) during maximum voluntary isometric contraction.
| EI group | CI group | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 (19) | T2 (19) | T3(19) | T4(19) | T1 (19) | T2 (19) | T3 (13) | T4 (13) | |
| Dorsal flexion—Peak | 58.17 (54.50) | 76.64 (56.69)* | 71.80 (53.85) | 77.56 (58.45) | 35.37 (34.43) | 43.67 (47.02) | 43.56 (49.42) | 51.83 (2.87) |
| Dorsal flexion—Mean | 46.95 (45.97) | 63.27 (50.78)* | 59.16 (47.07) | 71.81 (59.11)* | 39.23 (41.72) | 49.36 (49.91) | 46.44 (51.33) | 48.68 (57.78) |
| Dorsal flexion—strength gain (%) compared with T1 | 24.01–37.76% | 52.95% | ||||||
| Knee extension—Peak | 94.59 (64.03) | 121.22 (72.80)* | 108.99 (70.55) | 116.26 (98.29) | 88.11 (51.83) | 99.47 (59.31) | 91.26 (59.32) | 90.38 (55.26) |
| Knee extension—Mean | 87.15 (58.81) | 111.87 (67.95)* | 101.40 (66.18) | 109.30 (94.30) | 78.96 (47.58) | 83.33 (58.44) | 83.89 (52.26) | 83.45 (49.42) |
| Knee extension—strength gain (%) from T1 | 28.15–28.36% | |||||||
| Hip abduction—Peak | 71.56 (50.72) | 106.29 (69.28)* | 88.77 (57.58)* | 78.20 (51.11) | 53.36 (41.74) | 70.83 (42.81)* | 69.57 (54.45) | 69.39 (53.78) |
| Hip abduction—Mean | 68.39 (46.68) | 94.17 (63.77)* | 82.08 (54.80) | 69.06 (44.57) | 44.94 (33.77) | 63.29 (39.32)* | 60.40 (47.94) | 63.38 (49.90) |
| Hip abduction—strength gain (%) from T1 | 37.70 − 48.53% | 24.05% | 32.74–40.83% | |||||
| Hip extension—peak | 73.12 (74.23) | 105.72 (74.17)* | 95.41 (79.89)* | 89.85 (86.90) | 62.16 (35.97) | 82.14 (62.26)* | 88.00 (61.87) | 69.28 (41.05) |
| Hip extension—Mean | 72.88 (68.30) | 96.67 (76.19)* | 89.55 (77.19) | 84.33 (81.83) | 56.48 (33.75) | 73.21 (56.49) | 79.12 (55.53) | 60.55 (36.78) |
| Hip extension—strength gain (%) from T1 | 32.64–44.58% | 30.48% | 32.14% | |||||
| Plantar flexion—Peak | 68.17 (72.93) | 94.09 (85.21)* | 81.71 (77.15) | 89.05 (86.40) | 53.42 (45.53) | 66.94 (85.22) | 68.15 (60.50) | 65.78 (63.67) |
| Plantar flexion—Mean | 62.13 (64.80) | 88.05 (96.66)* | 72.37 (74.92) | 79.42 (82.74) | 47.54 (42.87) | 59.11 (47.45) | 62.65 (55.71) | 56.35 (51.81) |
| Plantar flexion—strength gain (%) from T1 | 38.02–41.72% | |||||||
T1 pre-intervention assessment, T2 post-intervention assessment, T3 1 month follow-up, T4 3 months follow-up, EI experimental intervention, CI control intervention.
*p < 0.05 with T1. Results are expressed as mean (SD).