Table 2.
Weighted paticipants demographics and baseline characteristics
| Variables | Total (n = 3540) | Normal (n = 2821) | Deficiency (n = 719) | Statistic | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 45 (31, 59) | 43 (30, 58) | 49 (36, 63) | 4.08 | < 0.0012 |
| Glu(mg/dl) | 95 (89, 104) | 94 (88, 102) | 101 (92, 118) | 7.68 | < 0.0012 |
| TC(mg/dl) | 183 (158, 210) | 183 (158, 210) | 185 (157, 210) | 0.41 | 0.6832 |
| LDL-c(mg/dl) | 110 (87, 134) | 110 (88, 134) | 108 (83, 132) | −1.00 | 0.3212 |
| TG(mg/dl) | 102 (70, 154) | 96 (67, 145) | 136 (93, 203) | 11.10 | < 0.0012 |
| HDL-c(mg/dl) | 46 (40, 55) | 48 (41, 57) | 41 (36, 50) | −9.58 | < 0.0012 |
| Weight(kg) | 86 (75, 100) | 84 (73, 96) | 101 (85, 117) | 13.23 | < 0.0012 |
| Height(cm) | 176 (171, 181) | 176 (171, 181) | 176 (171, 182) | 0.38 | 0.7082 |
| Poverty Ratio | 2.98 (1.45, 5.00) | 2.98 (1.44, 5.00) | 2.99 (1.49, 4.86) | −0.06 | 0.9492 |
| ABSI | 0.082 (0.079, 0.085) | 0.081 (0.078, 0.085) | 0.083 (0.081, 0.086) | 6.15 | < 0.0012 |
| BMI | 27.9 (24.6, 31.8) | 27.2 (24.0, 30.7) | 32.1 (28.3, 37.6) | 14.31 | < 0.0012 |
| BRI | 4.79 (3.68, 6.07) | 4.55 (3.46, 5.71) | 6.19 (4.88, 8.36) | 13.75 | < 0.0012 |
| CI | 7.53 (7.16, 7.88) | 7.45 (7.10, 7.80) | 7.85 (7.52, 8.19) | 10.80 | < 0.0012 |
| LAP | 41 (22, 75) | 36 (20, 62) | 76 (46, 124) | 18.47 | < 0.0012 |
| METS-IR | 2.36 (2.21, 2.52) | 2.33 (2.19, 2.48) | 2.52 (2.37, 2.70) | 14.52 | < 0.0012 |
| METS-VF | 6.47 (6.02, 6.78) | 6.38 (5.87, 6.71) | 6.75 (6.50, 6.98) | 10.58 | < 0.0012 |
| TyG | 8.51 (8.11, 8.98) | 8.45 (8.05, 8.87) | 8.91 (8.44, 9.41) | 13.96 | < 0.0012 |
| TyG-BMI | 239 (204, 281) | 230 (197, 268) | 289 (246, 340) | 17.37 | < 0.0012 |
| TyG-WC | 8.60 (7.48, 9.76) | 8.35 (7.23, 9.36) | 9.99 (8.97, 11.47) | 17.64 | < 0.0012 |
| TyG-WHtR | 4.91 (4.26, 5.57) | 4.75 (4.13, 5.35) | 5.68 (5.08, 6.53) | 17.95 | < 0.0012 |
| VAI | 1.31 (0.77, 2.36) | 1.18 (0.73, 2.03) | 2.11 (1.22, 3.34) | 12.94 | < 0.0012 |
| WC(cm) | 100 (90, 110) | 98 (88, 108) | 112 (103, 126) | 13.48 | < 0.0012 |
| WHtR | 0.57 (0.52, 0.63) | 0.56 (0.51, 0.61) | 0.63 (0.57, 0.72) | 13.77 | < 0.0012 |
| WWI | 10.77 (10.24, 11.33) | 10.66 (10.15, 11.20) | 11.24 (10.77, 11.77) | 10.41 | < 0.0012 |
| Hypertension | 28.77 | < 0.0013 | |||
| No | 68.7% | 71.4% | 57.0% | ||
| Yes | 31.3% | 28.6% | 43.0% | ||
| Diabetes | 9.32 | < 0.0013 | |||
| Borderline | 1.3% | 0.9% | 3.0% | ||
| No | 80.2% | 82.7% | 69.2% | ||
| Yes | 18.6% | 16.4% | 27.8% | ||
| Ethnicity | 0.88 | 0.4753 | |||
| Mexican American | 9.2% | 9.4% | 8.0% | ||
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 5.2% | 5.4% | 4.1% | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 10.2% | 10.3% | 9.6% | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 66.2% | 65.6% | 68.7% | ||
| Other Hispanic | 6.4% | 6.5% | 6.2% | ||
| Others | 2.9% | 2.8% | 3.4% | ||
| Family history | 7.95 | 0.0073 | |||
| No | 63.7% | 65.8% | 55.0% | ||
| Yes | 36.3% | 34.2% | 45.0% | ||
| Drinking | 3.36 | 0.0733 | |||
| No | 14.7% | 14.0% | 17.8% | ||
| Yes | 85.3% | 86.0% | 82.2% | ||
| Smoking | 0.59 | 0.4463 | |||
| No | 49.3% | 49.8% | 47.0% | ||
| Yes | 50.7% | 50.2% | 53.0% | ||
| Marital status | 2.70 | 0.0263 | |||
| Divorced | 8.1% | 7.7% | 9.7% | ||
| Living with partner | 9.1% | 9.6% | 7.1% | ||
| Married | 58.3% | 57.1% | 63.2% | ||
| Never married | 20.7% | 21.9% | 15.7% | ||
| Separated | 1.7% | 1.8% | 1.6% | ||
| Widowed | 2.1% | 2.0% | 2.7% | ||
| Education, n(%) | 0.35 | 0.7653 | |||
| 9-11th grade | 11.6% | 11.6% | 11.4% | ||
| College | 60.8% | 60.8% | 60.8% | ||
| High school graduate | 22.0% | 21.7% | 23.0% | ||
| Less than 9th grade | 5.6% | 5.8% | 4.8% |
Abbreviation: IQR Interquartile range, Glu Glucose, TC Total Cholesterol, LDL-c Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, TG Triglycerides, HDL-c High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, ABSI A body shape index, BMI Body mass index, BRI Body roundness index, CI Conicity index, LAP Lipid accumulation product, METS-IR Metabolic score for insulin resistance, METS-VF Metabolical score for visceral fat, TyG Triglyceride-glucose index, TyG-BMI Triglyceride glucose-body mass index, TyG-WC Triglyceride glucose-waist circumference, TyG-WHtR Triglyceride glucose-waist to height ratio, VAI Visceral adiposity index, WC Waist circumference, WHtR Waist to height ratio, WWI Weight-adjusted-waist index
1Median (IQR); %
2Wilcoxon rank-sum test for complex survey samples
3chi-squared test with Rao & Scott's second-order correction