Table 3.
Description of intervention.
| Intervention group | Control group | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 37) | (n = 41) | ||||
| Program | Forest walk | Urban walk | |||
| Date of Implementation | October 9, 2021 (n = 20) | October 10, 2021 (n = 17) | October 30, 2021 (n = 18) | October 31, 2021 (n = 23) | |
| Walk duration (min) | AM | 48 | 45 | 49 | 49 |
| PM | 47.5 | 52 | 49 | 45 | |
| Lunch break duration (min) | 63 | 63 | 63 | 64 | |
| Examination time | Before walking, 10:30; after walking, 14:00 | Before walking, 10:30; after walking, 14:00 | |||
| Location | Tokyo, Hinohara Village, Otaki-no-Michi Course | Tokyo, Chuo Ward, Ginza Street | |||
| Weather conditiona | Sunny | Light rain (1.0 mm/10:00–14:00)a | Sunny | Light rain (1.0 mm/10:00–14:00)a | |
| Actual average temperature (°C) | 19.6 | 18.2 | 20.3 | 17.9 | |
| Wind speed (m/s) | 1.1 | 0.9 | 2 | 1.6 | |
| Nitrogen dioxide (ppb)b | 4 | 1 | 23 | 15 | |
| Particulate matter (µg/m3)b | 16 | 0 | 15 | 20 | |
| Road condition | Wood chip trail prepared for the forest walk | Paved road | |||
| Total length of the course (km) | 1.74 | 1.7 | |||
| Elevation differences in the course (m) | 48 | 1 | |||
| Total physical activity level (METs·h)c | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | |
| Walking style | Participants walked slowly while experiencing the forest using all five senses with the supervision of a guide. They stopped along the way to listen to sounds and smell the scents. | Participants walked slowly while observing buildings with the supervision of a guide. They stopped along the way to look at displays and listen to sounds. | |||
aWeather data obtained from the Japan Meteorological Agency.
bAir pollution measurement data obtained from the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Bureau of Environment.
cMETs: metabolic equivalents.