Table 5.
Comparison of 4D flow blood flow and kinetic energy parameters between Fontan patients with and without left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.
| Parameters | Fontan with diastolic dysfunction (n = 9) | Fontan without diastolic dysfunction (n = 7) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Blood flow components | |||
| Direct flow, % | 30 (26, 34) | 38 (31, 42) | 0.031 |
| Retained inflow, % | 19 (12, 24) | 17 (12, 22) | 0.807 |
| Delayed ejection flow, % | 17 (13, 23) | 17 (12, 21) | 0.605 |
| Residual volume, % | 29 (25, 40) | 26 (24, 31) | 0.216 |
| KE indexed to EDV | |||
| Average KEiEDV, µJ/ml | 6.6 (4.8, 8.8) | 6.2 (3.8, 7.7) | 0.428 |
| Peak systolic KEiEDV, µJ/ml | 13.1 (10.0, 17.1) | 10.9 (8.5, 13.3) | 0.160 |
| Systolic KEiEDV, µJ/ml | 7.1 (5.4, 10.0) | 5.8 (3.8, 7.5) | 0.144 |
| Diastolic KEiEDV, µJ/ml | 6.3 (4.6, 9.3) | 7.1 (3.7, 8.6) | 0.978 |
| Peak E-wave KEiEDV, µJ/ml | 11.2 (9.1, 15.2) | 11.9 (8.6, 15.8) | 0.892 |
| Peak A-wave KEiEDV, µJ/ml | 8.1 (5.2, 10.3) | 10.1 (2.5, 12.2) | 0.935 |
| KEiEDV E/A ratio | 1.49 (1.01, 2.03) | 1.44 (1.08, 2.91) | 0.683 |
Data were reported as median (25th percentile, 75th percentile). There were statistical differences in bold representation. EDV = end-diastolic volume. KEiEDV = kinetic energy normalized to end-diastolic volume.