| ARG1 | arginase-1 |
| ASAH1 | N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1 |
| BBB | blood–brain barrier |
| CAR | chimeric antigen receptor |
| CCL2 | CC motif ligand 2 |
| CCL5 | CC motif ligand 5 |
| CCR4 | C-C chemokine receptor 4 |
| CCR5 | C-C chemokine receptor 5 |
| CD | cluster of differentiation |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
| CSF1R | colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor |
| CXCL12 | C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 |
| CXCR4 | C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 |
| DC | dendritic cell |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| EGF | epidermal growth factor |
| FOXD1 | forkhead box D1 |
| GBM | glioblastoma |
| GPNMB | glycoprotein nmb |
| GSC | glioma stem cell |
| Gy | gray |
| IL-1 | interleukin 1 |
| IL-4 | interleukin 4 |
| IL-6 | interleukin 6 |
| IL-10 | interleukin 10 |
| IL-13 | interleukin 13 |
| INF-γ | interferon gamma |
| INF-I | interferon type I |
| MDSC | myeloid-derived suppressor cells |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| mAb | monoclonal antibody |
| mRNA | messenger RNA |
| NF-κβ | nuclear factor kappa beta |
| NK | natural killer |
| NLR | Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio |
| PD-1 | programmed cell death protein 1 |
| PD-L1 | programmed cell death protein ligand 1 |
| PI3K | phosphoinositide 3-kinase |
| PMT | proneural-to-mesenchymal transition |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid |
| RT | radiation therapy |
| SALL1 | Sal-like 2 |
| SNAI1 | snail family transcriptional repressor 1 |
| STI1 | stress-inducible protein 1 |
| SYNM | synemin |
| TAM | tumor-associated macrophages |
| TCGA | The Cancer Genome Atlas |
| TGF-β | transforming growth factor β |
| TIL | tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes |
| TMEM119 | transmembrane protein 119 |
| TME | tumor microenvironment |
| TMZ | temozolomide |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor α |
| TWIST1 | twist family bHLH transcription factor 1 |
| VEGF-A | vascular endothelial growth factor A |
| ZEB1 | zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 |