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. 2024 Dec 28;32(1):16. doi: 10.3390/curroncol32010016
ARG1 arginase-1
ASAH1 N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1
BBB blood–brain barrier
CAR chimeric antigen receptor
CCL2 CC motif ligand 2
CCL5 CC motif ligand 5
CCR4 C-C chemokine receptor 4
CCR5 C-C chemokine receptor 5
CD cluster of differentiation
CNS central nervous system
CSF cerebrospinal fluid
CSF1R colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor
CXCL12 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12
CXCR4 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4
DC dendritic cell
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
EGF epidermal growth factor
FOXD1 forkhead box D1
GBM glioblastoma
GPNMB glycoprotein nmb
GSC glioma stem cell
Gy gray
IL-1 interleukin 1
IL-4 interleukin 4
IL-6 interleukin 6
IL-10 interleukin 10
IL-13 interleukin 13
INF-γ interferon gamma
INF-I interferon type I
MDSC myeloid-derived suppressor cells
MRI magnetic resonance imaging
mAb monoclonal antibody
mRNA messenger RNA
NF-κβ nuclear factor kappa beta
NK natural killer
NLR Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio
PD-1 programmed cell death protein 1
PD-L1 programmed cell death protein ligand 1
PI3K phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PMT proneural-to-mesenchymal transition
RNA ribonucleic acid
RT radiation therapy
SALL1 Sal-like 2
SNAI1 snail family transcriptional repressor 1
STI1 stress-inducible protein 1
SYNM synemin
TAM tumor-associated macrophages
TCGA The Cancer Genome Atlas
TGF-β transforming growth factor β
TIL tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
TMEM119 transmembrane protein 119
TME tumor microenvironment
TMZ temozolomide
TNF-α tumor necrosis factor α
TWIST1 twist family bHLH transcription factor 1
VEGF-A vascular endothelial growth factor A
ZEB1 zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1