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. 2025 Jan 18;26(2):808. doi: 10.3390/ijms26020808
3-NT 3-nitrotyrosine
HNE 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
8-OHdG 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine
ATP adenosine triphosphate
AOPP advanced oxidation protein products
ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
ADOS-2 Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition
ASD autism spectrum disorder
CAT catalase
CARS Childhood Autism Rating Scale
CoQ10 coenzyme Q10
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
DSM-5 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition
DHA docosahexaenoic acid
EPA eicosapentaenoic acid
EC-SOD extracellular superoxide dismutace
FMT fecal microbiota transplantation
GABA gamma-aminobutyric acid
GI gastrointestinal
GSH glutathione
GPx glutathione peroxidase
GFCF gluten-free and casein-free
AhR aryl hydrocarbon receptor
H2O2 hydrogen peroxide
OH• hydroxyl radical
IL-10 interleukin-10
IL-6 interleukin-6
KEAP1 Kelch-like ECH-Associated Protein 1
KD ketogenic diet
LPS lipopolysaccharides
MDA malondialdehyde
MCT medium-chain triglycerides
mtDNA mitochondrial DNA
NAC N-acetylcysteine
NT-3 neurotrophin-3
NADPH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NO• nitric oxide
NOS nitric oxide synthase
NMDA N-methyl-D-aspartate
Nrf2 nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
GSSG oxidized glutathione
PPARγ peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
ONOO peroxynitrite
PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acid
RCT randomized controlled trial
RNS reactive nitrogen species
ROS reactive oxygen species
SCFA short-chain fatty acid
O2 superoxide anion
SOD superoxide dismutase
SOD1 superoxide dismutase 1
SOD2 superoxide dismutase 2
T4 thyroxine
T3 triiodothyronine
TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-alpha
UV ultraviolet radiation
VPA valproic acid
H2O water