| 3-NT | 3-nitrotyrosine |
| HNE | 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal |
| 8-OHdG | 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate |
| AOPP | advanced oxidation protein products |
| ADHD | attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| ADOS-2 | Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition |
| ASD | autism spectrum disorder |
| CAT | catalase |
| CARS | Childhood Autism Rating Scale |
| CoQ10 | coenzyme Q10 |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| DSM-5 | Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition |
| DHA | docosahexaenoic acid |
| EPA | eicosapentaenoic acid |
| EC-SOD | extracellular superoxide dismutace |
| FMT | fecal microbiota transplantation |
| GABA | gamma-aminobutyric acid |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| GSH | glutathione |
| GPx | glutathione peroxidase |
| GFCF | gluten-free and casein-free |
| AhR | aryl hydrocarbon receptor |
| H2O2 | hydrogen peroxide |
| OH• | hydroxyl radical |
| IL-10 | interleukin-10 |
| IL-6 | interleukin-6 |
| KEAP1 | Kelch-like ECH-Associated Protein 1 |
| KD | ketogenic diet |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharides |
| MDA | malondialdehyde |
| MCT | medium-chain triglycerides |
| mtDNA | mitochondrial DNA |
| NAC | N-acetylcysteine |
| NT-3 | neurotrophin-3 |
| NADPH | nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate |
| NO• | nitric oxide |
| NOS | nitric oxide synthase |
| NMDA | N-methyl-D-aspartate |
| Nrf2 | nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 |
| GSSG | oxidized glutathione |
| PPARγ | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma |
| ONOO− | peroxynitrite |
| PUFA | polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| RCT | randomized controlled trial |
| RNS | reactive nitrogen species |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SCFA | short-chain fatty acid |
| O2•− | superoxide anion |
| SOD | superoxide dismutase |
| SOD1 | superoxide dismutase 1 |
| SOD2 | superoxide dismutase 2 |
| T4 | thyroxine |
| T3 | triiodothyronine |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor-alpha |
| UV | ultraviolet radiation |
| VPA | valproic acid |
| H2O | water |