Table 4.
GRADE systematic evaluation of evidence quality.
| Outcomes | Quality assessment | Intervention/Control | SMD(95%CI) | Quality of evidence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk of bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Publication bias | ||||
| C-reactive protein | Not serious | Serious2 | Not serious | Not serious | Serious4 | 293/270(7 studies) | -1.40(-2.60, -0.21) | Low: ⨁⨁◯◯ |
| Interleukin-6 | Limitations1 | Serious2 | Not serious | Not serious | Serious5 | 222/213(5 studies) | -1.35(-2.75, 0.05) | Very low: ⨁◯◯◯ |
| Tumor necrosis factor α | Limitations1 | Serious2 | Not serious | Serious3 | Serious5 | 101/97(3 studies) | -3.30(-7.47, 0.87) | Very low: ⨁◯◯◯ |
| Lipid peroxide | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious3 | Serious5 | 69/56(2 studies) | -0.99(-1.36, -0.61) | Low: ⨁⨁◯◯ |
| 8- isoprostanes | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious3 | Serious5 | 69/56(2 studies) | -0.79(-1.16, -.042) | Low: ⨁⨁◯◯ |
| Superoxide dismutase | Not serious | Serious2 | Not serious | Serious3 | Serious5 | 92/97(3 studies) | 0.39(-0.26, 1.04) | Very low: ⨁◯◯◯ |
| Glutathione peroxidase | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious3 | Serious5 | 69/56(2 studies) | 0.38(0.03, 0.74) | Low: ⨁⨁◯◯ |
| Catalase | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious3 | Serious5 | 92/97(3 studies) | 0.33(0.03, 0.63) | Low: ⨁⨁◯◯ |
| Total antioxidantcapacity | Limitations1 | Serious2 | Not serious | Serious3 | Serious5 | 90/78(3 studies) | 0.39(-0.23, 1.00) | Very low: ⨁◯◯◯ |
| Oxidative stress score | Not serious | Serious2 | Not serious | Serious3 | Serious5 | 69/56(2 studies) | -1.62(-2.49, -0.75) | Very low: ⨁◯◯◯ |
| Malondialdehyde | Not serious | Serious2 | Not serious | Serious3 | Serious5 | 78/78(2 studies) | -3.60(-10.30, 3.09) | Very low: ⨁⨁◯◯ |
1Some RCTs did not mention using the randomized scheme hiding or randomized grouping; 2Significant heterogeneity;3The study sample size was small;4 The funnel plot was asymmetrical; 5The number of studies was small.