Table 2.
Summary of Fundus Image Features Provided as Part of Datasets, Graded by Experts, and Assessed by GPT-4V
| Feature | Description | Grades | Graded by |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dataset | Experts | GPT-4V | |||
| Image quality | Overall clarity and detail of the image | Poor, moderate, good | X | X | |
| Image gradability | Suitability of the image for analysis | Gradable, nongradable | X | X | |
| Cup-to-disc ratio | Ratio and status of the optic cup to the optic disc | Nonenlarged vs. enlarged & quantitative estimate | X | X | |
| Rim thinning | Thinning of the neuroretinal rim in quadrants & at specific clock hrs | Inferior, superior, nasal, temporal & numerical clock hour estimate | X | X | |
| Hemorrhages | Presence of hemorrhages in the fundus | Yes, no | X | X | |
| Peripapillary atrophy (PPA) | Presence and location of peripapillary atrophy (PPA) | Yes, no & inferior, superior, nasal, temporal | X | X | |
| Retinal nerve fiber layer defects | Presence of retinal nerve fiber layer defects | Yes, no | X | X | |
| Glaucoma status | Binary glaucoma label | Glaucoma, nonglaucoma | X | X | X |
| Probability score of glaucoma | Probability score indicating likelihood of glaucoma | Numerical (0–100) | X | X | |