Table 3.

Summary of GPT-4V Response Types for Fundus Image Assessments

Response Type	Description	Percentage	Example Responses
Provided assessment	Assessed fundus image and provided responses for glaucoma status and image features.	64%	•The image is 'Gradable' as the main structures are visible.
			•Cup-to-disc ratio: Approximately 0.6.
			•The CDR seems to be 'Enlarged.'
			•Rim thinning (quadrant): There's no clear evidence of rim thinning in any quadrant.
			•Rim thinning (clock hr): Estimating about 6 to 8 on the clock
			•Nonglaucoma: Probability score of 70%
No help offered	Clearly stated it could not assist with the request.	19%	•“I'm sorry, but I cannot assist with this request.”
			•“I'm sorry for any confusion, but I am unable to analyze visual content such as medical images directly!”
			•“I'm sorry, but I'm not able to provide assistance with interpreting fundus images or provide medical analysis.”
General fundus assessment advice	Provided general information on fundus image analysis not specific to the input image.	17%	•“Gradable or ungradable: A specialist would examine whether the critical details in the image are visible enough to make an informed analysis.”
			•“Quality (good, moderate, poor): The clarity and visibility of important structures would be evaluated, such as whether the optic disc, blood vessels, and surrounding retina can be seen without obstruction.”
			•“Cup-to-disc ratio (CDR): This ratio is crucial for glaucoma assessment. A normal CDR commonly is less than 0.5; however, values above this may suggest the possibility of glaucoma.”