Extended Data Fig. 3. Increased immune cell infiltration in patients with a clinically meaningful tumor area reduction.

CD68+ myeloid cells, CD20 + B cells, CD8 + T cells, CD4+Foxp3+ T cells and CD4 + T cells presented by box plots (cells/mm²) analyzed with multiplex immunofluorescence from patients with paired tumor tissue samples (n = 16) a, according to clinical response (CR (n = 6) and PR (n = 4)), p-values are included in individual plots: CD8 + T cells (p = 0.0488), CD20 + B cells (p = 0.0020), CD68+ myeloid cells (p = 0.0020), CD4 + T cells (p = 0.0059), CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs (p = 0.0059); SD (n = 6): CD8 + T cells (p = 0.1562), CD20 + B cells (p = 0.2188), CD68+ myeloid cells (p = 0.4375), CD4 + T cells (p = 0.3125), CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs (p = 0.9999)) (two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test; statistical significance determined with p < 0.05). b, according to pathological response (pCR (n = 6), p-values are included in individual plots: CD20 + B cells (p = 0.0312), CD68+ myeloid cells (p = 0.0312), CD8 + T cells (p = 0.4375), CD4 + T cells (0.0938), Tregs (p = 0.0625); non-pCR (n = 10): CD8 + T cells (p = 0.0195), CD20 + B cells (p = 0.0137), CD68+ myeloid cells (p = 0.0645), CD4 + T cells (p = 0.0273), CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs (p = 0.3223)). Data are presented as mean values +/- SEM. The box plots display the distribution of cell counts for each immune cell population based on response categories. Each box extends from the 25^th (Q1, lower bound of box) to the 75^th (Q3, upper bound of box) percentile, the horizontal line in the center of the box represents the median value (Q2). The whiskers extend to the 5^th (min, lower bound) and the 95^th percentile (max, upper bound). Dots represent individual patient data points.

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