Table 2.

Within-participant comparisons for advice evaluations (study 2). Table 2 presents the mean evaluations for human (vs. AI) generated advice in study 2. The columns represent the mean evaluations for ChatGPT and human-generated advice (“M”) and their corresponding standard deviations (“SD”). The right-hand side shaded portion of the table presents the results of within-participant t-tests with the mean difference between the variables, with associated t-statistic, p-value, 95% confidence interval (“Lower CI” and “Upper CI”), and Cohen’s d effect sizes.

Variable	TARGET				Mean diff.	t	p-value	Cohen’s d	Lower CI	Upper CI
	ChatGPT		Human
	M	SD	M	SD
Effectiveness	5.89	1.02	5.23	1.61	0.67	4.83	< .001	0.37	0.39	0.94
Quality	6.02	1.05	4.98	1.67	1.04	7.06	< .001	0.54	0.75	1.33
Authenticity	6.01	1.07	5.62	1.46	0.39	2.82	.005	0.22	0.12	0.66