Table 1.

Maximal and submaximal variables of cardiopulmonary exercise testing

Submaximal variables	Maximal variables
OUES	VO2peak
VO2 at VT1	Circulatory power
COP	Ventilatory power
VE/VCO2	Peak O2 pulse
VD/VT	VO2/W trajectory
EOV	Increase of PETCO2
Plateauing of O2 pulse	Peak heart rate
	HRR
	HRR1
	Alveolo-arterial oxygen difference

CP circulatory power, the product of peak systolic blood pressure and peak oxygen consumption. COP cardiopulmonary optimal point; it represents the nadir of the oxygen equivalent. EOV exercise oscillatory ventilation. OUES oxygen uptake efficiency slope, the logarithmic relationship between oxygen uptake and minute ventilation. HRR heart rate reserve, difference between peak and resting heart rate. HRR1 heart rate recovery one minute after exercise termination. PETCO₂ Endtidal carbon dioxide. VO₂ at VT1: oxygen uptake at the first ventilatory threshold. VO_2peak: peak oxygen uptake. VD/VT: dead space ventilation. VP: ventilatory power, the ratio of peak systolic blood pressure and VE/VCO₂. VO₂/W oxygen consumption per Watt of achieved power