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. 2025 Jan 16;11(2):e41995. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e41995

Table Appendix-A.

Results of Diagnostics Tests

a. Results of the Breusch-Godfrey Serial Correlation L.M. test
F-statistic 0.186361 Prob. F (11,192) 0.8301
Obs∗R-squared 0.402533 Prob. Chi-Square (2) 0.8177

b. LM test for Auto-regressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH)

Lags (p) CHI2 df Prob. >Chi2
1 1.688 1 0.1939
H0: No ARCH effects vs. H1: ARCH (p) disturbance

c. Results of the heteroskedasticity test: Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey

F-statistic 1.273683 Prob. F (11,192) 0.2433
Obs∗R-squared 13.85908 Prob. Chi-Square (11) 0.2409
Scaled explained SS 62.38135 Prob. Chi-Square (11) 0.0000

d. Breusch-Pagan/Cook-Weisberg test for heteroskedasticity

F (6, 192) = 1.61 Prob > F = 0.1454

e. Cameron & Trivedi's decomposition of IM-Test (White's test for (H0: homoskedasticity against Ha: heteroskedasticity

source CHI2 df p
Heteroskedasticity 23.37 27 0.6647

f. Results of the Ramsey RESET test

Value df Probability
t-statistic 4.720411 192 0.0000
F-statistic 22.28228 (1, 192) 0.0000
Likelihood ratio 22.53782 1 0.0000

g. Durbin-Watson Test Statistics

Durbin-Watson d-statistics (7, 192) 1.701635 between 2 and 1 so ok

Source: Author's Estimates