. 2023 Dec 21;4:1296823. doi: 10.3389/fdmed.2023.1296823

Table 2.

Comparing outcomes according to the route of administration at first and second dental treatment.

			Nasal group		Oral group		p-value
			n	%	n	%	p-value
First dental treatment	Acceptance of premedication	Good	4	13	11	37	0.11^a
		Fair	18	60	14	47
		Poor	8	27	5	17
	Crying (yes)		23	77	9	30	0.00^a
	Parental satisfaction	High	25	83	27	90	0.70^b
		Medium	5	17	3	10
		Low	0	0	0	0
			Mean	SD	Mean	SD
	Crying duration (min)		0.97	0.72	0.53	0.90	0.01^c
	Child cooperation (Houpt)		4.80	0.80	5.17	0.79	0.08^c
Second dental treatment	Acceptance of premedication	Good	3	10	1	3	0.61^d
		Fair	12	40	11	37
		Poor	15	50	18	60
	Crying (yes)		22	73	21	70	0.77^a
	Parental satisfaction	High	24	80	8	27	0.00^d
		Medium	6	20	20	67
		Low	0	0	2	7
			Mean	SD	Mean	SD
	Crying duration (min)		1.37	1.13	2.07	1.82	0.17^c
	Child cooperation (Houpt)		4.87	0.78	4.93	0.83	0.74^c

^{^a}

Pearson chi-square.

^{^b}

Fisher exact test.

^{^c}

Mann–Whitney.

^{^d}

Fisher–Freeman–Halton exact test.