Table 1. Global Brick Production (kg/year) Estimates from the Literature and Both Proxy Models Developed (FA = Floor Area, Inc. = Increase, and MI = Material Intensity).

	global literature values	model 1: building stock data				model 2: clay extraction
region/country	FCB (Gt/year)	FA inc. (Bm2/year)a	FCB MI (kg/m2)	ref	FCB (Gt/year)	clay extracted (Mt/year)	FCB (Gt/year)
India	0.399	1.2	952	Ramesh et al. (2013)	1.114	0.723	0.325
Africa and Middle East	0.008	0.41	90	Asadollahfardi et al. (2015)	0.037	0.109	0.049
Latin America and Oceania	0	1.06	296	Evangelista et al. (2018)	0.314	0.131	0.059
China	1.46	0.51	374	Huang et al. (2013)	0.191	3.789	1.705
remaining Asia	0.151	0.58	493	Heeren and Hellweg (2019)	0.286	0.229	0.103
North America	0	0.34	160	Arehart et al. (2022)	0.054	0.029	0.013
Europe	0.003	0.41	392	Sprecher et al. (2022)	0.161	0.203	0.091	average:
	2.02				2.16		2.35	2.18 Gt

^aBased on the average of the modeled values by refs (2, 58, and 59).