Table 2.

Statistics of Population Growth^[Note]

	Sub-Saharan Africa
Statistic	Hunter-Gatherers	Farmers	Eurasia	East Asia	Oceania	America
Imbalance index, −	.215	.385	.319	.241	.084	−.288
Expansion index, Sk	.024	.177	.148	.117	−.016	−.046
Variance in repeat scores, V	3.45	3.31	2.90	2.61	2.27	2.11
Estimated expansion time (in kya)	4.3	35.3	25.3	17.6	…	…
Effective population size prior to growth	2,609	1,883	1,760	1,688	…	…

Note.— Estimation of expansion time and effective population size assumes mutation-drift equilibrium prior to sudden large (infinite) expansion. These analyses were done on individual populations, using data on 271 tetranucleotide repeat loci, and then the estimates were averaged over populations within each region.