Table 1.
Vestibular Phenotype |
Eye Phenotype |
||||||
Subjecta | Age(years) | Hearing Phenotype | Age atAmbulation | ENGResults | FundoscopyResults | ERGResults | Other Findings |
IV:16 | 20 | Profound hearing loss | 6 years | Abnormal | Congenital stationary night blindness | Normal | Retinal pigment epithelial changes; flat feet and prominence of the talus due to lack of arches in the feet; atrophy of the muscles around the Achilles tendon; minor facial dysmorphic features |
IV:17 | 9 | Profound hearing loss | 14 mo | NA | No abnormality detected | Normal | History of hysteric fits from the age of 1 mo; flat feet and prominence of talus due to lack of arches in the feet; minor facial dysmorphic features; lordotic posture but no muscular weakness |
IV:19 | 10 | Profound hearing loss | 15 mo | NA | RP | RP | Alternating squint; difficulties in tandem gait |
IV:20 | 16 | Profound hearing loss | 18 mo | NA | No abnormality detected | Normal | History of hysteric fits from the age of 1 mo; alternating squint |
IV:8 | 13 | Profound hearing loss | 18 mo | NA | No abnormality detected | Normal | Alternating squint; flat feet and prominence of talus due to lack of arches in the feet |
IV:2 | 18 | Profound hearing loss | 30 mo | Abnormal | No abnormality detected | NA | |
IV:23 | 17 | Normal | 3 years | NA | No abnormality detected | NA | Weakness in the right leg |
IV:22 | 11 | Normal | 15 mo | NA | No abnormality detected | NA | |
IV:18 | 24 | Normal | 18 mo | NA | No abnormality detected | NA |
Note.— ENG = electronystagmography; ERG = electroretinography; NA = not available. All examinations were performed by local physicians in Pakistan, and the neurological examinations were videotaped. All results were reviewed by the clinicians at the National Institutes of Health who are also coauthors of the present article (A.J.G., R.C.C., and A.G.).
All subjects had normal reflexes and ambulated normally during the examination.