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. 2025 Jan 24;12:1485463. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1485463

TABLE 7.

Prediction of physicochemical properties of 11 chemical compounds extracted from Ferula communis leaf based on Lipinski’s rule of five.

Molecule
Number
Physicochemical properties Lipinski rules
Molecular weight (g/mol) Molar refractive index Log P (octanol/water) Hydrogen bond acceptors Hydrogen bond donors Categorical (Yes/No)
Rule ≤500 40≤ MR ≤ 130 <5 ≤10 <5
M1 302.28 77.83 2.51 6 3 Yes
M2 312.32 87.40 2.96 5 0 Yes
M3 272.25 62.61 1.64 7 5 Yes
M4 456.70 136.91 3.95 3 2 Yes
M5 286.24 76.01 1.86 6 4 Yes
M6 418.35 102.17 1.76 10 6 Yes
M7 168.15 41.92 1.40 4 2 Yes
M8 138.12 35.42 0.85 3 2 Yes
M9 290.27 74.33 1.47 6 5 Yes
M10 306.27 76.36 1.37 7 6 Yes
M11 286.24 76.01 1.70 6 4 Yes

M1, hesperetin; M2, trimethoxyflavone; M3, arbutin; M4, ursolic acid; M5, luteolin; M6, kaempferol-3-O-pentoside; M7, vanillic acid; M8, p-hydroxybenzoic; M9, epicatechin; M10, gallocatechin; M11, kaempferol.