Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of include studies.
| Authors | Study period | Country | Study design | Patients (n) | BMI | Age (mean/median) | Male | Time of duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention/control | Intervention/control | Intervention/control | Intervention/control | |||||
| Argo, 2015 | 2007-2010 | USA | RCT | 17/17 | 31.6/33.3 | 46.4/47.2 | 6/7 | 1 year |
| Qin, 2015 | 2012-2013 | China | RCT | 36/34 | 26.4/26.0 | 57/55 | 26/25 | 3 months |
| Parker, 2019 | 2011-2013 | Australia | RCT | 25/25 | 27.8/28.0 | 33.6/34.7 | 25/25 | 12 weeks |
| Shojasaadat, 2019 | 2016-2017 | Iran | RCT | 35/34 | 31.48/30.65 | 41.77/42.35 | 18/20 | 12 weeks |
| Song, 2020-a | 2018-2019 | China | RCT | 21/21 | 29.43/27.92 | 46/47 | 19/18 | 12 weeks |
| Song, 2020-b | 2018-2019 | China | RCT | 17/21 | 27.80/27.92 | 44/47 | 16/18 | 12 weeks |
| Cansanção, 2020 | 2018-2020 | Brazil | RCT | 13/11 | 30.77/31.82 | 60.54/60.88 | 8/9 | 6 months |
| Guo, 2022-a | 2019-2021 | China | RCT | 37/37 | 27.6/26.7 | 54.7/56.3 | 22/19 | 3 months |
| Guo, 2022-b | 2019-2021 | China | RCT | 37/37 | 26.2/26.7 | 56.6/56.3 | 20/19 | 3 months |