Skip to main content
. 2025 Jan 15;29:100741. doi: 10.1016/j.ebr.2025.100741

Table 3.

Maternal pregnancy and birth outcomes of pregnancies exposed to newer ASMs.

All newer ASMs* BRV ESL LCM ZSN
Exposed pregnancies (n,%) 34 (100) 8 (23) 8 (23) 6 (17) 12 (34)
Pregnancy outcome (n, %)
Livebirth 28 (82) 6 (75) 6 (75) 5 (83) 11 (92)
Spontaneous miscarriage 6(18) 2 (25) 2 (25) 1 (17) 1 (8)
Gestation at birth in weeksa
(median, min–max)
39 (27–41) 39 (27–40) 39 (37–41) 38 (34–39) 39 (36–40)
Onset of laboura (n, %)
Spontaneous 9 (32) 1 (17) 0 3 (60) 5 (46)
Induced 6 (21) 1 (17) 1 (17) 0 3 (27)
Pre-labour LSCS 13 (46) 4 (66) 5 (83) 2 (40) 3 (27)
Mode of deliverya (n, %)
SVD/OVD 12 (43) 2 (33) 0 3 (60) 6 (55)
LSCS 16 (57) 4 (66) 6 (100) 2 (40) 5 (46)
Pregnancy complicationsb
GDM 4 (12) 2 (25) 0 1 (17) 1 (8)
Antepartum bleeding 4 (12) 0 2 (25) 0 2 (17)
Infection 5 (15) 0 2 (25) 1 (17) 2 (17)
Otherc 4 (12) 2 (25) 1 (13) 1 (17) 0
No. of antenatal patient encountersa (median, [IQR]) 22 [13] 23 [6] 19 [3] 24 [9] 22 [8]
Maternal LOS at delivery in daysa (median, [IQR]) 3 [3] 3 [3] 5 [4] 4 [2] 2 [2]

Abbreviations: ASM – antiseizure medicine, BRV – brivaracetam, ESL – eslicarbazepine, GDM – gestational diabetes mellitus, LCM – lacosamide, ZSN – zonisamide, IQR – interquartile range, SVD – spontaneous vaginal delivery, OVD – operative vaginal delivery, LSCS – lower segment caesarean section, LOS – length of stay.

*

Totals column (All newer ASMs) includes 1 perampanel exposure; 1 pregnancy was exposed to both eslicarbazepine and zonisamide (included in individual columns), but is counted as a single pregnancy in the totals column.

a

Excludes spontaneous miscarriages.

b

Women could contribute > 1 pregnancy complication.

c

Severe hyperemesis gravidarum, severe anaemia, or substance misuse.