Table 3.
The risk prediction of top factors for childhood weight status using the logistic regression model*
| OR (95% CI)† | P-value | |
|---|---|---|
|
Underweight (six factors)
|
|
|
| Maternal BMI |
|
|
|
Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2)
|
5.084 (4.459–5.796) |
<0.001 |
|
Normal (BMI 18.5–25 kg/m2)
|
ref |
|
|
Overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)
|
0.579 (0.485–0.691) |
<0.001 |
| Age |
|
|
|
Pre-school children (3–6 years)
|
ref |
|
|
School-age children (7–14 years)
|
0.340 (0.304–0.381) |
<0.001 |
| Paternal BMI |
|
|
|
Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2)
|
3.047 (2.358–3.936) |
<0.001 |
|
Normal (BMI 18.5–25 kg/m2)
|
ref |
|
|
Overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)
|
1.016 (0.909–1.135) |
0.781 |
| Paternal reproductive age in years‡ |
|
|
|
24–28
|
ref |
|
|
<24 or ≥28
|
1.692 (1.499–1.886) |
<0.001 |
| Maternal reproductive age in years‡ |
|
|
|
21–27
|
ref |
|
|
<21 or ≥27
|
1.607 (1.441–1.792) |
<0.001 |
| Birth weight |
|
|
|
Normal (≥2.5 kg)
|
ref |
|
|
Low birth weight (<2.5 kg)
|
1.522 (1.188–1.950) |
0.001 |
|
Overweight (five factors)
|
|
|
| Age |
|
|
|
Pre-school children (3–6 years)
|
ref |
|
|
School-age children (7–14 years)
|
1.848 (1.703–2.004) |
<0.001 |
| Fast food intake frequency |
|
|
|
None or once in a while
|
ref |
|
|
1–2 times weekly
|
1.090 (0.957–1.240) |
0.193 |
|
3–5 times weekly
|
1.861 (1.674–1.240) |
<0.001 |
|
Every day
|
1.827 (1.641–2.034) |
<0.001 |
| Maternal BMI |
|
|
|
Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2)
|
0.471 (0.377–0.589) |
<0.001 |
|
Normal (BMI 18.5–25 kg/m2)
|
ref |
|
|
Overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)
|
1.507 (1.368–1.661) |
<0.001 |
| Paternal BMI |
|
|
|
Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2)
|
1.191 (0.877–1.618) |
0.263 |
|
Normal (BMI 18.5–25 kg/m2)
|
ref |
|
|
Overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)
|
1.400 (1.281–1.529) |
<0.001 |
| Sedentary time |
|
|
|
<2 h per day
|
ref |
|
|
≥2 h per day
|
1.223 (1.114–1.344) |
<0.001 |
|
Obesity (six factors)
|
|
|
| Age |
|
|
|
Pre-school children (3–6 years)
|
ref |
|
|
School-age children (7–14 years)
|
2.745 (2.506–3.006) |
<0.001 |
| Fast food intake frequency |
|
|
|
None or once in a while
|
ref |
|
|
1–2 times weekly
|
1.587 (1.373–1.834) |
<0.001 |
|
3–5 times weekly
|
3.129 (2.777–3.526) |
<0.001 |
|
Every day
|
2.723 (2.408–3.079) |
<0.001 |
| Maternal BMI |
|
|
|
Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2)
|
0.557 (0.439–0.706) |
<0.001 |
|
Normal (BMI 18.5–25 kg/m2)
|
ref |
|
|
Overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)
|
2.013 (1.819–0.706) |
<0.001 |
| Paternal BMI |
|
|
|
Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2)
|
1.057 (0.725–1.540) |
0.774 |
|
Normal (BMI 18.5–25 kg/m2)
|
ref |
|
|
Overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)
|
1.894 (1.716–1.540) |
<0.001 |
| Sedentary time |
|
|
|
<2 h per day
|
ref |
|
|
≥2 h per day
|
1.415 (1.278–1.567) |
<0.001 |
| Maternal reproductive age in years‡ |
|
|
|
27–40
|
ref |
|
| <27 or ≥40 | 1.389 (1.279–1.509) | <0.001 |
BMI – body mass index, CI – confidence interval, OR – odds ratio, ref – reference
*Weight status was defined according to the criteria recommended by the World Health Organization [15,16].
†ORs were adjusted for age, sex, education, and family income.
‡Subgroup thresholds for parental reproductive age are derived from the restricted cubic spline curves.