Figure 1.

Simplified concept and rationale of the study. Low concentrations of NO, normally generated by eNOS, are likely to be beneficial for the endothelium and organ function, whereas high concentrations of NO, generated via iNOS induction, may contribute to endothelium dysfunction, excessive vasodilation, extravasation, and tissue injury. Insulin-titrated prevention of hyperglycemia during critical illness may theoretically protect the endothelium via its effects on eNOS and iNOS expression and activity.