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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Feb 7.
Published in final edited form as: J Alzheimers Dis. 2024;100(3):1055–1073. doi: 10.3233/JAD-240125

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Schema for Mediation Analyses. An initial structural equation model estimated the c path, which is the total direct effect of the predictors on the outcome. Next, the same direct path was estimated (c’) while simultaneously estimating mediation effects (indirect pathway a × b). The total effect is the sum of direct and indirect pathways for a predictor. Mediators included 1) harmonized MMSE/MoCA scores, or 2) harmonized neuropsychological tests: Story Recall, Naming, Animal Fluency, and Trail Making Test Part B. Note: 42-Residue-Long Amyloid β Isoform (Aβ1–42); Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q); Tau Phosphorylated at Threonine-181 (p-tau181).