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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Behav. 2025 Jan 10;163:108246. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2025.108246

Table 3.

Sociodemographic characteristics of youth with high (≥10% above mean) or low (≥10% below mean) prevalence of lifetime cigarette smoking, stratified by grade

Prevalence (%) Index (%) Gender Identity Sexual Identity Race/ethnicity
Grades 9–10 (n=3,941; overall lifetime cigarette smoking prevalence = 10.8%)
21.1
n=152		 195.2 Cis boy; NB+; missing - AI/AN/HPI; Multiracial
16.3
n=882		 151.4 Trans boy - -
9.6
n=1,577		 89.4 Cis boy; NB+; missing - Asian; Black/African American; Latina/e/x/o; White; Other
7.3
n=1,330		 67.6 Cis girl; Questioning/other; Trans girl - -
Grades 11–12 (n=4,395; overall lifetime cigarette smoking prevalence = 13.5%)
25.5
n=94		 188.9 - Bisexual Multiracial; Other
17.2
n=1,083		 127.1 - Pansexual; Queer -
15.8
n=1,124		 117.2 Cis boy; Questioning/other; Trans boy Bisexual; Lesbian/Gay AI/AN/HPI; Black/African American; Latina/e/x/o; White
11.0
n=1,156		 81.3 Cis girl; NB+; Trans girl; Missing Bisexual; Lesbian/Gay AI/AN/HPI; Black/African American; Latina/e/x/o; White
8.6
n=745		 63.6 - Asexual; Straight/Questioning/Other -
2.9
n=105		 21.1 - Bisexual; Lesbian/Gay Asian
College (n=1,168; overall lifetime cigarette smoking prevalence = 14.8%)
28.0
n=143		 188.9 Trans boy - -
13.0
n=1,025		 87.6 Cis boy; Cis girl; NB+; Trans girl; Missing - -

Note. An index score of 100 indicates that cigarette smoking prevalence in a particular subset of the sample was the same as the overall sample prevalence. Index scores above and below 100 indicate higher or lower prevalence of smoking relative to the overall sample prevalence, respectively. For example, an index score of 220.5 signifies that cigarette smoking prevalence for this group is 2.2 times (or 120.5%) higher than the overall sample prevalence.