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. 2025 Feb 7;15:4616. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-88340-6

Table 2.

Socio-demographic characteristics of clusters.

Cluster 1
(N = 27)
Cluster 2
(N = 43)
p-value
 Age Median [Q1; Q3] 72.0 [66.5; 76.0] 75.0 [70.0; 77.0] 0.222
Sex (female) 12 (44%) 25 (58%) 0.384
Years of education Median [Q1; Q3] 13.0 [12.0; 18.0]* 8.0 [8.0; 12.0]*  < 0.001
Technological skills
 None 3 (11%)* 15 (35%)* 0.001
 Poor 0 (0%)* 9 (21%)*
 Modest 13 (48%)* 11 (26%)*
 Good 9 (33%)* 3 (7%)*
 Excellent 2 (7%)* 2 (5%)*
 Missing 0 (0%)* 3 (7%)*
Marital status
 Married/cohabitant 22 (82%) 33 (77%) 0.782
 Widowed 4 (15%) 9 (21%)
 Divorced 1 (4%) 1 (2%)
Offspring (yes) 24 (89%) 41 (95%) 0.324
 Missing 0 (0%) 1 (2%)
Current occupation
 Working 6 (22%) 5 (12%) 0.396
 Retired 21 (78%) 38 (88%)
Past occupation
 Never employed / Low skilled manual worker (e.g., agricultural worker, call center operator, etc.) 1 (4%)* 7 (16%)* 0.007
 Skilled manual worker (e.g., craftman, nurse, barber, etc.) 2 (7%)* 14 (33%)*
Skilled non manual worker (e.g., white-collar worker, shop keeper, sales representative, etc.) 12 (44%)* 16 (37%)*
 Professional occupation (e.g., CEO of a small company, psychologist, engineer, teacher, etc.) 10 (37%)* 6 (14%)*
 Highly responsible or intellectual occupation (e.g., CEO of large company, politicians, university professor, etc.) 2 (7%)* 0 (0%)*

Q = Quartile. * denotes significant differences across groups.