Table 2.

Medical history and pre-pregnancy comorbidities in patients with or without bleeding during pregnancy.

Characteristic		Pregnancy bleeding		Total (N = 441)	Statistical significance
		No (n = 113)	Yes (n = 328)
Body mass index, kg/m2	22–32	1 (0.9%)	3 (0.9%)	4 (0.9%)	P = 0.893 a
	32–35	44 (38.9%)	136 (41.5%)	180 (40.8%)
	>35	68 (60.2%)	189 (57.6%)	257 (58.3%)
Age, years	Mean ± SD	28.45 ± 5.03	28.47 ± 4.83	28.46 ± 4.87	P = 0.977 a
	Min–Max	16–47	18–45	16–47
Parity	Mean ± SD	2.20 ± 1.40	2.03 ± 1.29	2.07 ± 1.32	P = 0.222 a
	Min–Max	0–7	0–7	0–7
History of abortion	Mean ± SD	0.74 ± 1.18	0.66 ± 0.91	0.68 ± 0.99	P = 0.448 a
	Min–Max	0–4	0–6	0–6
Gravida	Mean ± SD	2.95 ± 2.25	2.69 ± 1.87	2.76 ± 1.97	P = 0.232 a
	Min–Max	1–11	1–13	1–13
History of infertility	No	89 (78.8%)	206 (63.0%)	295 (67.0%)	P = 0.002 a
	Yes	24 (21.2%)	121 (37.0%)	145 (33.0%)
Previous normal vaginal delivery	No	45 (39.8%)	162 (49.4%)	207 (46.9%)	P = 0.079 a
	Yes	68 (60.2%)	166 (50.6%)	234 (53.1%)
Previous cesarean section	No	68 (60.2%)	171 (52.1%)	239 (54.2%)	P = 0.139 a
	Yes	45 (39.8%)	157 (47.9%)	202 (45.8%)
Previous dilation and curettage	No	106 (93.8%)	307 (93.6%)	413 (93.7%)	P = 0.938 a
	Yes	7 (6.2%)	21 (6.4%)	28 (6.3%)
Treatment with progesterone	No	89 (78.8%)	16 (4.9%)	105 (23.8%)	P < 0.001 a
	Yes	24 (21.2%)	312 (95.1%)	336 (76.2%)
Urinary tract infection	No	104 (92.0%)	286 (87.2%)	390 (88.4%)	P = 0.165 a
	Yes	9 (8.0%)	42 (12.8%)	51 (11.6%)
Diabetes	No	112 (99.1%)	321 (97.9%)	433 (98.2%)	P = 0.686b
	Yes	1 (0.9%)	7 (2.1%)	8 (1.8%)
Anemia	No	68 (60.2%)	181 (55.2%)	249 (56.5%)	P = 0.380 a
	Yes	45 (39.8%)	147 (44.8%)	192 (43.5%)
Hypothyroid	No	113 (100.0%)	325 (99.1%)	438 (99.3%)	P = 0.573b
	Yes	0 (0.0%)	3 (0.9%)	3 (0.7%)
Hypertension	No	113 (100.0%)	322 (98.2%)	435 (98.6%)	P = 0.345b
	Yes	0 (0.0%)	6 (1.8%)	6 (1.4%)

Data presented as n (%) prevalence, mean ± SD or min–max.

Statistically significant difference at P < 0.05.

^aχ²-test or ^bFisher’s exact test.